This series consists of a variety of records created by various provincial mental health institutions from 1872 to 2008. Records relate to the administration and operation of Riverview Hospital and related mental health facilities at the Essondale site in Coquitlam, as well as other facilities across the province. These mental health institutions include: Victoria Asylum, New Westminster Provincial Asylum (later Public Hospital for the Insane or Provincial Hospital for the Insane), Home for the Aged Coquitlam (later Valleyview), Home for the Aged Terrace (later Skeenaview), Home for the Aged Vernon (later Dellview), Crease Clinic, Colony Farm, Colquitz, Woodlands School, Tranquille and other medical facilities.

The names and administrative structure of these institutions changed over time. Mental health functions were originally part of the Provincial Secretary’s mandate; they were transferred to Mental Health Services when it was created in 1950.

These government records were collected by the Riverview Historical Society and include a wide variety of subject matter and media. This includes subjects such as: early development of the Essondale lands and Colony Farm; the construction and expansion of the facility; admissions, transfers, and discharges of patients; administration of patient care; administration of therapy programs; patient and staff recreation; staff and nurse training; operation of the audiovisual department; library services; research into new medical and therapeutic practices; research by staff regarding mental health practices at Riverview and further afield; community involvement; volunteer activity; policy development; the redevelopment of the Riverview lands; general administration; and, administration of other services at the site such as postal, food, laundry, banking, transportation and safety services.

The collection has been arranged into the following series based on record types:

GR-3924 - record books
GR-3925 - operational records
GR-3926 - newsletters
GR-3927 - photographs and other graphic material
GR-3928 - films and videos

Classified as 20000-20 in Operational Records Classification System (ORCS) schedule 144007.

This series consists of the records of the Manager of the Hospital Construction Division of the B.C.H.I.S., A.W.E. Pitkethley, including files pertaining to the operation of the Provincial Infirmary, Marpole, B.C.

Box 1 consists of A.W.E. Pitkethley, Hospital Construction Manager, B.C.H.I.S, 1949-1965.

Box 2 consists of miscellaneous files, 1948-1960.

Box 3 consists of A.W.E. Pitkethley, Manager, Operations, Provincial Infirmaries, 1949-1964.

Box 3 consists of A.W.E. Pitkethley, Manager, Hospital Construction, B.C.H.I.S., 1946-1956.

Box 3 consists of A.W.E. Pitkethly correspondence, 1950-1964

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Health care in British Columbia RECORDED: New Westminster (B.C.), 1976-03-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Introduction; personal background; beginning in politics; duties of Minister of Health; departments in the Department of Health; definition of health; state of health care in BC in 1972; Hall Commission; Castinguay Report; Alcohol and Drug Commission (1973); LeDain Commission. TRACK 2: Foulkes Report; public health education; community health centres; manpower distribution; financing; British medical system; problems; federal/provincial relationship; problem with hospital service; abortion; state of health care in BC in 1975; future of health care in BC.

This series consists of photographs, negatives, slides and architectural drawings created by various provincial mental health institutions from 1901 to 2002. These records regard the following institutions: New Westminster Provincial Asylum (later Public Hospital for the Insane or Provincial Hospital for the Insane), Essondale (later Riverview), Home for the Aged Coquitlam (later Valleyview), Home for the Aged Terrace (later Skeenaview), Home for the Aged Vernon (later Dellview), Crease Clinic, Colony Farm, Colquitz, Woodlands School, Tranquille and other medical facilities. Most records were created by the Essondale or Riverview Hospital Audio Visual Department.

Photos, negatives and slides cover a broad range of subjects which may overlap with or relate to other series of mental health photos at the archives. There are three broad categories of subjects: photos of institutions, pathological photos, and staff and patient photos. Images from these categories may all be intermingled together and specific subjects may be duplicated over multiple media types.

Photos of institutions include interior and exterior images of the buildings, facilities and grounds. This includes the construction and renovation of facilities. Most publicly operated mental health facilities in the Province are represented, as well as some additional medical facilities.

Pathological photos include images of adults and children with various mental and physical conditions or injuries, including full body shots and close ups. This includes close ups of human anatomy, dissections and brain samples. There are also images demonstrating various medical treatments patients underwent.

Staff and patient photos cover many aspects of daily patient and employee life. Many of the images document public events at the hospitals such as sports days, parties, dances, parades, graduations, opening ceremonies and other events. Additional subjects include patient leisure activities; recreational therapy; occupational therapy such as woodworking and sewing; patient care; hospital services such as laundry, food series, pharmacy and dentist; a variety of patient and volunteer programs; patients working at colony farm; staff demonstrating their work; passport style headshots of patients and staff; and group photos of staff from as early as the opening of the hospital.

Each media type is organized separately. They are represented by the following subseries:

1. Photographs. Most photos date from the 1940s to 1970s, though altogether they range from the early 1900s to early 2000s. Almost all photographs are black and white, but some later ones are in colour. There are duplicates and copies of some images throughout the collection.

Each photograph will include varying amounts of information on its back. Some photos are unlabeled and include no information. Photos may be labelled with numbers, descriptions and/or dates. Many are stamped with Audio Visual Department, Mental Health Services, Essondale or Riverview. Some photos indicate the folder they were originally stored in and are labelled with an item number. These numbers likely relate to the organizational structure used by the Audio Visual Department and may correspond with the organization of other Mental Health Services photographs in the Archive’s holdings. It appears that when, or before, these photos were collected by the Riverview Historical Society they were removed from this organizational system and filed alphabetically by subject. The files are currently arranged alphabetically in two groups (one for each accession number).

2. Large format photographs and albums. There are some large format prints and framed photos which were on display in the hospitals or Historical Society building. These photos are of patients and staff, including an early group photo of staff. These may be prints of older photos. There are also large scale prints of furniture sketches for the for the "Provincial Mental Hospital Mount Coquitlam", likely the Male Chronic Building.

Of the photo albums, three of them include similar photos of the interior and exterior of the Male Chronic Building, the first hospital built at Essondale, around its opening in 1913. The fourth album includes early portraits of patients labeled as having been diagnosed with Dementia Praecox, the original name given to Schizophrenia Kraepelin.

3. Negatives. Most negatives are stored in their original envelopes, unless they required rehousing. Envelopes contain images related to a specific topic and may be labelled with a title, date and four digit number. Negative envelopes are arranged chronologically by this number up to number 3160. Many envelope numbers are missing. Negatives in container 972114-0009 were transferred separately but appear to have numbers which fit into this numbering system. Some envelopes are unlabeled or are missing some information. Envelopes may also include some associated photographic prints.

4. Slides. Slides date from 1949 to the 1980s. They have been arranged into several groups based on the numbers written on individual slides. Slides are arranged chronologically by this number, or their date if they were not numbered. Note that there may be gaps in numbering. Slides in file boxes 3 and 4 have a variety of numbering systems, no numbers or only contain a date. They contain similar subject matter to A, B and P slides in the other file boxes. Numbers with A and B prefixes include images of institutions, staff and patients. Numbers with P prefixes document pathological images.

5. Architectural plans. Plans date from 1920 to the 1980s. They cover Crease Clinic, Valleyview and other buildings on the Riverview/Essondale site at various points in time. There is also a master list of the Provincial Mental Hospital cemetery.

CALL NUMBER: T2004:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Public health nurse; response to change PERIOD COVERED: 1925-1955 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-01-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Miss Hunter sketches her education and decision to enter VGH nursing school in 1936 with a description of the courses, emphasis and class size when she graduated in 1939; in 1940 she was on the staff of the Metropolitan Health Committee of Greater Vancouver and in 1941 spent some time instructing at the Normal School until 1942, when she was assigned to Hastings Park; a lengthy description of conditions, problems, attitudes, numbers, and babies in Japanese relocation camps. In the fall of 1942, Miss Hunter took an administration course at McGill, and in 1943 was student advisor in the health department; in 1944 she became director of nursing and remained so until her retirement in 1966. TRACK 2: A discussion of responding to community needs with examples of pre-natal clinics and the polio epidemic in 1946; the relationship between the health department and social agencies; the role of the public health nurse and how activities were chosen; changes and programs; how the role changed in the control of TB; changes that occurred in the nurses role in VD clinics; time study statistics on the division of a nurse's work; trends in the role of a public health nurse; shift to mental health, nutrition, counseling; introduction of more specialists. CALL NUMBER: T2004:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Public health nurse; response to change PERIOD COVERED: 1940-1976 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-01-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Miss Hunter provides a day-in-the-life account, describing duties and responsibilities of the Director of Nursing; a description of responses to emergencies; the Fraser Valley flood of 1948; blood clinics; satisfactions of administration; struggles to get transportation; disposal equipment; traveling and activities with the Canadian Public Health Organisation and Canadian Nurses Association; the idea of public health and the issue of whom to serve; Miss Hunter relates the mystery story about the acceptance of the public health nurse. [TRACK 2: blank?]

Newsreel. Nine stories from Canada and around the world. The third story, entitled "Civil Defence: Hospital Evacuated in Atom Bomb Test," depicts "Operation Dogwood," an exercise in in which patients and hospital staff were evacuated from Vancouver's St. Paul's Hospital to Edmonds School in Burnaby -- the first such test in North America.

The series consists of diaries, correspondence, and personal papers documenting Dr. Frederick Bell's service in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps during World War I, his activities as a physician (he was Superintendent of Vancouver General Hospital, 1923-1931, and of Shaughnessy Hospital, 1941-1949) and his interests in Canadian history (particularly the history of the fur trade, exploration, and the Prairies), the Alpine Club of Canada, and Garibaldi Park.

CALL NUMBER: T2013:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Health care and social assistance PERIOD COVERED: 1928-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-20 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Brief personal introduction with a description of UBC in 1928 and the decision to go into nurses training at VGH in 1929; includes a description of courses, hours, and discipline; job shortages of the Depression years and the decision to study public health at McGill from 1931 to 1933; work in Family Services in Montreal; description of service; religious divisions, problems in Griffintown; juveniles and comparison with Vancouver; job offers and the return to Vancouver; out-patients at VGH in 1936, with a description of buildings, patients, dental clinic, staff, volunteers and cup of soup; joined the City Relief Department in 1937 and describes the staff under the direction of Dr. Jack Muscovitch. TRACK 2: Social workers and the medical section with mention of responsibilities and services; effects of the Depression on people, allowances, violent attitudes; reporters; unique service of medical section; doctors services and medical histories; post-war years; employment on the Sea Wall; mental assessments; placement program growth out of VGH overcrowding; problems in regulating; lack of staff; numbers of clients; anecdotes on persuading people to enter boarding homes; atmosphere at placement institutions; night school courses; private homes, problems associated with uprooting and adjustment of elder clients. CALL NUMBER: T2013:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Health care and social assistance PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1976 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-20 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Conclusion of anecdote; role with alcoholics and Salt Spring Farm; hospital; drunk tank; need for a cleansing station; social life in boarding houses; sitting room regulations; recreation and; the role of volunteer organisations; effects of the Second World War and the reduction in staff; changes in public attitude; rise in young people on relief; increase in professional social workers; involvement in rationing and accompanying anecdote; changes in the services; dental plan; appliances; caseloads; increases in allowances; clothing allowances; nutrition services; referral resources; relationship with the Metropolitan Health Department; consultation, referrals, overlapping interests; geriatrics. TRACK 2: Gradual acceptance of geriatric centres; trends in services; attitudes of staff and public; customer orientation of building and furniture; medical aspects of the social assistance program; 60% of clients; promotes health problems; problems of single men; staff experiment living on an allowance; effects on social assistance and trend to younger people in the 1960s and 1970s; lessons learned about human nature with examples of New York and Sweden and the nature of Canadians; summary of medical program; services; abuse; payments.

The item is a reel of unedited footage. Newsreel-type footage showing Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent in Vancouver. Greetings and inspection of guard at CNR station; laying of wreath at Victory Square cenotaph; ceremony in front of City Hall, with good crowd shots; arrival at Shaughnessy Hospital (nurses, patients); talking with students and Dr. N. Mackenzie.

The fonds consists of records related to the administration of the hospital as well as the admission and treatment of patients. Records include: minute book of board meetings and other hospital meetings (1862-1881); annual reports (1864-1868, 1904); financial records (1862-1904); records of tenders (1862-1916); correspondence, including applications for positions (1861-1903) and miscellaneous records, including by-laws and subscription lists (1863-1908, 1912, 1937 and 1943); case books of Dr. Thomas R. McInnes and Dr. Charles Newland Trew (1874-1882); patient histories, prognosis and orders (1878-1881); record of patient diets (1881-1888); record of patient valuables (1910); and patient registers and admission slips (1862-1901). Also included in this fonds are the minutes of the New Westminster Medical Society (1893-1903) and the treasurer's book of the Women's Auxiliary of the Royal Columbian Hospital (1920-1926).

The item is a release print of a documentary film made in 1951. The film shows Princess Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh visiting Vancouver and Vancouver Island during their 1951 Canadian tour. Footage includes: inspection of RCAF honour guard outside CNR station, greeting by Mayor Fred Hume and the Princess's speech at Vancouver City Hall, appearance at Brockton Point Oval, visit to Shaughnessy Hospital and services at Christ Church Cathedral, crowds on West Vancouver waterfront and HMCS Crusader. In Victoria: parade with the Canadian Scottish Regiment and the Royal Canadian Artillery, Premier Byron Johnson greets the Princess at the Legislative Buildings, honour guard inspection and artillery salute, Cowichan and Alberni Indian dance performance at Thunderbird Park. Return to Vancouver harbour; motorcade up Kingsway Avenue, Burnaby Municipal Hall, Royal Train arrives at New Westminster, departure. There are also good (brief) shots of Kitsilano Boy's Band, Junior Forest Wardens, Major J.S. Matthews, Very Rev. Cecil Swanson (dean of Christ Church), and BC Provincial Police on motorcycles with sidecars.

CALL NUMBER: T2002:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Public health nursing ; a practical experience in involvement PERIOD COVERED: 1902-1950 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Miss Neen describes her personal and early educational background up to beginning nurses training in 1923; a description of life in the nurses residence, curfew and roommates; the emphasis of the course, lectures, duties, and Ward X; a statement of qualifications for nursing in 1923 and the size of the VGH class; a brief statement of jobs held after graduation; special nurse in Trail, Nanaimo and San Francisco; introduction to the Rotary Clinic, staff, location and an aside on relief. TRACK 2: More on the Rotary Clinic and treatment available for TB patients; isolation techniques, enforcement and placarding; a brief recollection of Dr. Norman Bethune and his visit to Vancouver; changes in the Rotary Clinic; association with VGH; amalgamation with Metropolitan Public Health staff in 1936 and changes in treatment with the introduction of PAS and streptomycin; a discussion of the effects of the Depression on health units; the growth of baby clinics; services, restrictions and time spent at; involvement in social work; referrals to out-patients VGH, Social Services; Children's Health Centres. CALL NUMBER: T2002:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Public health nursing ; a practical experience in involvement PERIOD COVERED: 1940-1965 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Involvement in school health programs and an anecdote about Miss Elizabeth Breeze; activities in schools, examinations, iodine tablets, athletics; growth of mental health program and an anecdote about TB derangements and problem of civil rights and forced hospital admissions; public health nurse and changes in VD clinics; anecdotes of follow-up situations; Shanghai Alley at Alexander and Cordova Streets; Stella the prostitute. TRACK 2: A continuation of the story of Stella; the Stafford Hotel and the issue of money; Miss Neen took a supervisory course and McGill in 1947 and returned to coordinate the TB program; a description of the mobile TB units and their locations; the involvement at Oakalla, including the installation of the TB units; staffing and training, the hospital, problems, security, and an anecdote about arriving at the prison gates; anecdote about a Lancashire man as an example of the scope and involvement of a public health nurse; retirement in 1963 after forty years in service.

RECORDED: Port Moody (B.C.), 1984-10-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Medical staff at Essondale, 1930s; Arthur "Papa" Crease. Crease's views on care of the mentally ill. Growing up at Essondale during the Depression. Other children (mostly those of doctors). Tuck shop. Essondale school and other schools. Boyhood activities. Mrs. Dorothy Kane, daughter of Dr. McKay. Father's studies and treatments (insulin). Other treatments. Tuberculosis control; radiology. Founding of training school for nurses. TRACK 2: Training school. Veterans' block, west wing of Crease Clinic. Josephine Kilburn, a psychiatric social worker. Crease children, Joan and Fred. Patients. Woodands - Essondale links. Buildings: East Lawn, West Lawn, Hilside, Centre Lawn. Growth of institutional populations.

RECORDED: New Westminster (B.C.), 1984-09-25 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dorothy Kane discisses the early career of her father, Dr. James Gordon McKay. Dr. Doherty. Childhood at Provincial Asylum; interaction with "Jack", a patient. Miss Maria Fillmore, matron of Asylum, 1897-1939. Domestic details. Grounds and buildings. School (St. Anne's convent). Essondale: the school, early days. "The Major Home", which became the Hollywood Sanitarium. TRACK 2: Dr. James Gordon McKay, founder of Hollywood Sanitarium. Mrs. Kane's life, from university on. Sale and later years of Hollywood Sanitarium. Sister and niece were dietitians at Riverview and Valleyview; Jean (McKay) Thomson and Betty Thomson.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: Graduated as a nurse from Protestant General Hospital, Ottawa, in 1907; husband was a doctor, graduated from McGill in 1906; he was in the army and came to Vancouver to be demobilised; she went to England where he was stationed when he had appendicitis and stayed to nurse him; was assistant matron for the Red Cross in a British hospital for a couple of years; her husband stayed on after she came home and took course in heart work at the National Heart Hospital in London; husband's brother, Walter White, was organising medical missionaries at Lanigan, Saskatchewan and her husband went there. Practiced in Watrous, Saskatchewan, married in Lanigan; he came to Vancouver after the war; set up practice here; was first cardiologist at VGH; had his office in the medical/dental building next to the old Birk's building; later he took a public health course at the U of T; treatment then for heart patients; mainly rest; no exercise proscribed; digitalis and nitroglycerin; husband died 23 years ago of heart disease; two of three daughters trained as nurses; Grace worked in North Vancouver in public health; youngest trained at VGH and UBC for six years, degree in Applied Science in Nursing; granddaughter graduates this spring with same degree; brother-in-law was Ted McTaggart, judge of the county court of New Westminster; her father's brother practised in Ladysmith; husband's greatest concern in public health was the annual check up of the whole system; spoke to school groups about the value of eyes and teeth; her own training; three years, nine in the class; worked 7:00 to 7:00 with two hours off daily, plus one half day a week; believes she had very good training; similar to today; graduated with a mark of 98, half mark lower than the top graduate; pay was $7.00 per month plus board; husband director of School Health Services; offices on Hamilton Street; husband persuading public health people of the value of cardiology; only one who could run cardiograph machine or read result.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: The third in a series of eight seminars at UBC on the social and human problems in Vancouver, BC, Canada and the world. Chaired by Lila Quastel, a professor at the UBC School of Rehabilitative Medicine. TRACK 1: Lila Quastel introduces Dr. Duffy. Definition of violence and aggression; begin with the individual and not society; we look at the person within this society; excess energy in a person, due to living in this society and yet rejecting it, though they are dependent on it. Simplistic viewpoint of why there is violence. Internal force versus the external force to violence. Essentially the act of an uncontrolled individual, or over controlled individuals. Politics can be responsible for aggression. Politics are the sum of child rearing tactics. How these politics can lead to violence. Culture and the individual. Community sees physical contact sports, competition and personal success as good and therefore shows the child that violence is permissible. All men created equal; your success depends upon your aggression. Culture is swinging slowly away from permissive TV violence. Our society make violence attractive. Was as an influence on our society saying we are the bad buys, not necessarily the opposition. We are condemned to live with freedom and it bores us (Sartre). Asking yourself about your own aggression. Take driving as an example of your own aggression. There is no crime that ay of us can't commit. We all have murder in our hearts. That is the only lesson one learns about life. Violence is what the person feels is the true station in life and the feedback from the community. It is easy to understand violence if you understand the opposite of if. Attainment of more than the person thought they could attain. TRACK 2:

CALL NUMBER: T2369:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Birth in Montreal; education at Sir George Williams; nursing training in 1935; discharged in 1937 for disobeying rules that compromised her humanitarianism; on Spanish Civil War Committee in Montreal; Dr. Bethune's Montreal lectures; union organisation in Quebec in the 1930s; War Measures Act in 1940; the Red squad in Quebec; moving to Vancouver; women's movement within unions in the 1940s; 1950s was Ban the Bomb; Rosenberg protests; working at Children's Hospital on East 55th in Vancouver; Montreal Neurological Institute in 1955; Grace Hart Tuberculosis Hospital setting up medical record department; medical librarian training in Canada and the UK; 1957 to 1960, setting up medical records system at Meath Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; 1960 to 1966 medical record work at a Montreal hospital. TRACK 2: Dr. Alte Vennema and Dr. Michael Jutra, January 1967; Canadian hospital supplies on the South Vietnamese black market; 'lost' hospital goods; no vouchers for $429,000 worth of medical supplies; Canadian ambassador in South Vietnam in 1967; hospital routine at Quang Ngai; 200 patients each morning; ambassador's advice to her; the Tet Offensive in 1968; decision to leave needy people there and return to Canada to tell the truth of our role in Vietnam; the hypocrisy of making bombs for the Americans and telling world only of our hospital work in Vietnam, which was in South Vietnam only; denied the right to present a report on the hospital; ten day fast in October of 1968; Ottawa winter campout on Parliament Hill in 1969; chained to public gallery in Ottawa; Parliament May 1971; protests. CALL NUMBER: T2369:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: $2.5 million in aid to Vietnam; total from BC Government in 1973; only $300,000 actually sent; BC NDP conference in 1974 ignores the Vietnam delegation; values; a call for medicine; scholarly books to help rebuild Vietnam; sent to Clair Culhane for forwarding; campaign to aid political prisoners in South Vietnam in 1973; tiger cage publicity; United Prisoners Rights movement in Canada in 1976; need for freedom on information acts, sponsored by Senator Eugene Forsey and Gerald Baldwin, MP.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Reminiscences RECORDED: West Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-04-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mrs. Sankey describes her early life in Kamloops, where her father was a doctor. His name was Dr. Simon John Tunstall, and he later practised in Vancouver; his office on Cordova Street was near the fruit market. He was a general practitioner and worked out of St. Paul's Hospital. Her own education under Miss Gordon, a private tutor from England, who founded what is now Crofton House Girls School. Her health, her daily routine, her schooling in Paris. The family home on Robson Street was large and had a tennis court; it eventually became a hospital. Her father's practice; did no surgery, held office hours all day, on call at night; delivered many babies; worked a lot at St. Paul's. How she feels about living in a retirement lodge. [TRACK 2: blank?]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Reminiscences RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-04-26 SUMMARY: Mrs. K.A.W., born in England in 1886, came to Canada in 1914. She had given birth in England to a child with a spine deformity. It lived only 14 days. Prior to the birth of her second child, doctors at VGH gathered to care for her. She gave birth rapidly in a hospital bed, after being given various gases to induce labour. She was unable to feed the child herself, and he was unable to take any of foods provided him by the hospital. She went to a wet nurse in South Vancouver and bought a ten ounce bottle of milk for a dollar. The trip was made by bus and took three hours. In the evening, her husband would travel to East Vancouver for another bottle, also costing a dollar. Gradually the baby began to gain weight; the only evidence of malnutrition was his teeth. Names of some early doctors who were consultants.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Dial-A-Dietitian RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-04-07 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: University of Saskatchewan; interned at VGH; born in Wellesley; graduated from VGH in 1939; worked at the YWCA for two years; house mother and dietician; joined RCAF and was in it for 25 years as a dietician for tri-services as wing commander; quit or retired and came to Vancouver and worked at Department of National Health and Welfare counseling native Indians in nutrition; started this in January 1972; this was done under LIP grant; description of planning the project and setting up the publicity; early in the project, they were very swamped, what the goals were of this project; June 1972, they were operational; funding discussed; LIP grant fan from January 1972 to December 1973; donations given and a provincial government grant; one full time person on staff; Miss Campbell worked three days a week and two other dieticians worked one each in their office; diets; nutrition and food additives etc.; what their library contains; increase in work; received 11,395 calls to date; breakdown of types of calls; used a recorder phone after funding ran out in December 1973; donations lasted until December 1974 when city hall provided them with an office, phone and salary for three months; government will provide funds for a year; usefulness of this service; people's interest; state of nutrition in Vancouver; list of objectives now; covers BC Telephone non-long distance area; would like a toll free line for the province.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Early Vancouver medical history, 1862 - ca. 1914 : a slide presentation and lecture RECORDED: West Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-04-14 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dr. McDonnell discusses his interest in medical history; historian Father Morice; BC in 1862; Vancouver families, the Moodies, Greenhorns, McLearies; lumber mills exporting to Australia in 1864; Stamp and Rogers mill owners; BC wood in the palace at Peking; medical care in BC from 1862 to 1867; Vancouver, "drugs only or go to Victoria"; Vancouver nurse Emily Patterson canoeing to patients; 1869 to 1870; Dr. Black of New Westminster; liquor problems in Vancouver; Dr. Black killed by his horse in 1871 en route to a patient in Vancouver; his funeral; Dr. True replaced Dr. Black; introduction of contract medicine in Vancouver; Premier G.A. Walkem. TRACK 2: Dr. W.W. Walkem as ornithologist; the great Vancouver fire of 1886; four doctors present; Dr. Duncan Bell-Irving and the intermarriage of medical families; the story of Dr. Breckingdale's death in 1912; Dr. Large's success; Dr. McGuighan becomes mayor in 1904; also was an alderman; treasurer of College of Physicians and Surgeons; president of the Vancouver Medical Association; Dr. Lafevre ran the CPR hospital, which was the only hospital in Vancouver until 1898; Lafevre as businessman, died in 1906.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Medical missionary work RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-04-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Two sisters of the Order of Charity and Providence joined the interview -- Sister Maynard and Sister Catherine. Van Tilburg's childhood in Amsterdam, Holland; Levden medical school; immigration to Vancouver; interning at St. Paul's, 1953 to 1955; practice in Victoria from 1956 onward; consultant for old people's home run by Mother Cecilia and the Sisters of the Love of Jesus; 1964 extended care facilities put into Mother Cecilia's home; becomes well-known example of extended care of high calibre; films on it shown in Israel and University of Toronto hospital administration course. TRACK 2: History of St. Paul's, read by Sister Maynard; selections from a book in documentation; 1886 Vancouver Great Fire; Holy Rosary Church; 1894 need for hospital fulfilled by Sisters of Providence; 25 bed hospital; duties of order; its work in Western Canada; Sister Maynard's pastoral work at St. Paul's, 1976; medical services registration; incidents; CUSO; outpatient clothing department run by Sister Catherine; the holistic approach at a Catholic hospital; Meals on Wheels, 1975.

CALL NUMBER: T2370:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Obstetrics and gynecology, 1927-1975 (tape 1) RECORDED: West Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-02-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Introduction; education; parents; interning at VGH in 1933; the Depression years; setting up practice; West Vancouver 1935; difficulties encountered; payment method; treatments used during the mid-1930s, prior to antibiotics; public attitude towards health care in the 1930s; anecdote regarding a miscarriage in 1937. TRACK 2: Anecdotes regarding menopause, hemorrhoids, anemia patient in 1937; army career, 1942 to 1946; treatments used during the Second World War; first Canadian hospital to use penicillin in 1943; setting up practice upon return to Canada in 1946; 1948-1958, the effect of various birth control methods upon practice; social attitudes towards birth control; abortion; sexuality in the 1940s and 1950s.

CALL NUMBER: T2370:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Obstetrics and gynecology, 1927-1975 (tape 2) RECORDED: West Vancouver (B.C.), 1976-02-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Discussion of the IUD -- history, use, etc.; changes in childbirth methods over the years; discussion of newer developments in the 1970s. Development of hospitals on the North Shore, pioneered by Dr. E.A. Martin; North Vancouver General Hospital, 1928; Lions Gate Hospital, 1961; discussion of medical staff; patients today; general health attitudes. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T2364:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The dietetics profession and Vancouver General Hospital (tape 1) RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-03-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Some information about life in Alberta; a description of home economics course and emphasis till graduation in 1938; in 1938, she attended the dietetic internship program at the Royal Jubilee; describes the course and graduation at the outbreak of the Second World War. Mrs. Willick returned to Alberta and worked for the Grey Nuns in Regina, and then at Brandon General Hospital. As a nutritionist for the federal department of health, she worked for a few years with industries; she describes the work, surveys, aims, rationing, and some results of the work. In 1945, she became the first dietitian for the RCMP. She tells of her experiences in budgeting, shortages, and the involvement in spy incidents and feeding extra forces. TRACK 2: Concludes the stories of the spy problem. She worked with the Regina RCMP for a year; an account of the fun, blizzards and problems there. In 1948, she returned to the Royal Jubilee as assistant in charge of the cafeteria; describes staff, responsibilities; effect of hospital insurance; the peculiarities of the Victoria menus; changes in equipment; finances and meal choices. In 1957, she joined VGH as dietetic supervisor. A brief description of the location of the kitchen; staff and changes; an account of the development the VGH dietetic department, beginning in 1911, and the appointment of the first dietitian, Miss Kinney, in 1914; the location of the department; dining room service; medical supervisor; equipment and service changes.

CALL NUMBER: T2364:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The dietetics profession and Vancouver General Hospital (tape 2) RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-03-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Some problems with cooks and butchers are discussed; in 1926, Ethel Pipes was the dietitian; Mrs. Willick discusses the internship program and how it developed; in 1948, Paula Reber was in charge, and the planning for the Centennial Pavilion was completed; an account of the development of the dietitian profession with the CDA in 1935, and its role and the growth and changes in the BCDA; a description of the department in 1957; responsibilities; the move into the Centennial Pavilion; equipment problems; the centralized and decentralized food service, and conveyor belt problems; a description of food preparation; move to greater use of prepared foods (such as vegetables and meat), and the pros and cons of relying on prepared foods. TRACK 2: Factors and considerations in buying, mechanization trends, food budget, strikes and food contracts at VGH; the response of the department to popular trends; ethnic eating habits; the effect of medical plans and menu choices; other dietetic services provided; trends in the dietetic profession; specialization; administrative practices; changes in hospitals; the pros and cons of relaxed regulation. In 1971, an administrative change occurred with the arrival of the catering firm; the opinions of the dietitian concerning this development, and the return of control after four years.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Development of blood transfusion service in B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-03-10 SUMMARY: Dr. T.D. Stout, Director of Blood Transfusion Services for the Red Cross in BC, discusses: personal background; intern at VGH in 1949; graduated University of Manitoba in 1950; director of the Red Cross blood transfusion service in 1955; history of the transfusion service since 1947; previous situation; cost to run and financing arrangements; clinic arrangements; staff; scheduling; equipment and collection; testing of blood; specimen tubes, and a description of storage and life of blood; distribution; labeling; use of multiple bags and the different components of blood; changes to bags in 1967; why; increased tests; 1970 autoanalyser; hepatitis B test; sophistications; loss of blood; daily storage requirements; unusual blood groups; cost of unit; supply district; assessment of service, standards and the value of volunteers and donors.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Tuberculosis control RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-03-15 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Introduction; coming to Vancouver, interning at Vancouver General Hospital in 1927; becoming Second Assistant Superintendent in 1930; the Depression; becoming First Assistant Superintendent in 1932; first interest in tuberculosis; change to Tranquille Sanatorium in 1937; condition there, patients' attitudes, treatments. TRACK 2: Effects of the Second World War on Tranquille; opening Pearson Hospital, changes in treatment of tuberculosis from 1952 to 1970; changes in facilities from 1952 to 1970.

CALL NUMBER: T2015:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Traveling clinics and TB control PERIOD COVERED: 1950-1976 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dr. Garner discusses the success of the tuberculosis control program; financing; relations with TB Christmas Seals Society and the Tranquille Sanatorium canteen; conclusion of the interview. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T2015:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Traveling clinics and TB control PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dr. Garner discusses his background and arrival in BC; starting in tuberculosis treatment in 1935; working at Tranquille Sanatorium in 1936; the incidence of TB; work with the Nelson traveling clinic, 1938; conditions; staff; area; the Kamloops traveling clinic, 1938; Director of Traveling Clinics, 1939; attending School of Hygiene in Toronto; military service 1942; work with the health unit in Victoria in 1946. TRACK 2: Discussion of Victoria staff; return to Tranquille in 1951; changes there; changes in treatments during the 1950s and the closing of Tranquille; return to traveling clinics.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Practice and TB Treatment in BC PERIOD COVERED: 1923-1970 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Description of Victoria Square, Ontario, where she grew up; description of education in Victoria Square and Richmond Hill; reasons why she went into medicine; description of medical training; at the University of Toronto from 1923 to 1930; courses; discrimination; summer internship at St. John's Hospital on Major Street, Toronto; summer internship at Vancouver General Hospital; 1930 to 1931, first staff ward at Vancouver General Hospital as Dr. H.H. Pitts' assistant in the lab; did general histology; description of how lab changed over the years; job hunting during the Depression; Dr. Wallace Boyd and Dr. Bede Henderson working at the Vancouver General Hospital lab; went to Tranquille in 1940; being a patient with tuberculosis; the treatment of TB; got out in 1942 and stayed to work in the sanatorium; setting up a lab and working as part of a staff of doctors; worked there until 1958. TRACK 2: Description of duties at Tranquille; how the patient care was distributed; Burris Clinic in Kamloops; building of a new lab; trip to the east to study TB labs; involvement with TB traveling diagnostic clinics -- temporarily from 1952, and full time from 1958 until retirement in 1970; discussion of the purpose of the clinics as a follow-up to patients already diagnosed with TB; effects of the Second World War on Tranquille; greatest changes in medicine; advent of antibiotics; changing attitudes of doctors; how meetings were conducted in the medical profession.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): An early specialist in internal medicine PERIOD COVERED: 1911-1950 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-10 SUMMARY: Early background; education; McGill College of BC from 1911 to 1912; McGill University, 1912; discussion of medical training differences, then and now; humorous anecdote regarding F.J. Shepard, anatomy professor, McGill University, 1912; enlistment in the army in 1914; war experiences; discussion of work as a medical officer from 1917 to 1919; influenza epidemic, 1917; interning at VGH in 1920; fellowship at the Mayo Clinic in 1920; anecdote regarding the early days of the clinic; starting practice in Vancouver in 1930; the Depression; war breaks out in 1939; Dr. DesBrisay relates army career; in charge of medicine, Shaughnessy Hospital after the war; discussion about effects of antibiotics such as penicillin; Dr. DesBrisay relates two anecdotes regarding penicillin; changes noticed over the years; closing comments regarding his rewarding career in medicine.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): General Medicine and Public Health PERIOD COVERED: 1906-1966 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-04 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Personal background; description of father's early pharmacy in Kelowna; early Kelowna history; interest in medicine; medical training at the University of Toronto; description of a few of the women in class; internship at Vancouver General Hospital in 1932; went to Kelowna for five years; the Depression; Indian doctor; description of practice there; decision to go into public health. TR;ACK 2: Public health course in Toronto; war wound commission in Toronto; unit director of Metropolitan Health; Director of School of Health Services; community health projects; Mary Pack; Jericho Hill School; involvement with Community Chest; polio outbreak in 1952 to 1955; Director of Metropolitan Health.