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CALL NUMBER: T0623:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Alfred Bryant recalls some of his childhood experiences settling near Soda Creek and homesteading in Tatla Lake with his family, 1919 to 1928. Mr. Bryant discusses his father's background; coming to settle in BC in 1919; life and incidents at Soda Creek and Meldrum Creek; how his family worked at a hotel in Riske Creek; teamsters; the Bechers, who ran the hotel and details of a journey to a homestead at Tatla Lake in 1922. TRACK 2: Mr. Bryant continues the story of the journey to Tatla Lake; his first days at Tatla Lake and the cabin there; sleeping arrangements, his first .22 calibre rifle; life at Tatla Lake; and social occasions.

CALL NUMBER: T0623:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Bryant recalls some of his experiences in the Anahim Lake area of the Chilcotin, 1930 to 1966. Mr. Bryant tells stories about his sister Jane Lehman's experiences as a nurse in the wilderness of the Chilcotin; making moonshine; moving to the Anahim Lake region in 1931; life at Anahim Lake; people of the area; and comments about Native people. TRACK 2: Mr. Bryant comments on the Bella Coola area; the story of Lord Tweedsmuir's visit in 1937, and its effect on the local economy; trappers' cabins in the wilderness; comments about the conditions among the local Indians; and stories about "Capoose" who was a well known Indian of the area.

CALL NUMBER: T0623:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Bryant discusses the so-called "grease trail", which runs from Bella Coola into the Fraser Plateau; the travels of the Stikine Indians; the route followed by Alexander Mackenzie in 1790; more on the grease trail and other trails in the area; Benny Franklin, who was a well known character of the area; and experiences travelling on some of the trails. Finally, Mr. Bryant recites a poem by his father about a local incident involving Bob Graham and some Indians. [TRACK 2: blank.]

Series consists of a draft and revised draft of Russell's reminiscences of her career as a librarian in the Provincial Library; correspondence inward (1 item), 1924; certificates of membership (B.C. Library Association, Order of Good Times); historical sketches of early explorers; brief accounts of Indian legends.

CALL NUMBER: T1277:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Andy Schooner recalls Bella Coola Indian legends, villages and ceremonies PERIOD COVERED: 1733-1883 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-20 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Andy Schooner is a Native man who recalls Bella Coola Indian legends, villages and ceremonies. He begins with a discussion of various Indian villages that were in the area, the origin of the ;name 'Bella Coola', the smallpox epidemic of 1864, traditional salmon fishing and practices, potlatches, the use of 'crystals' and 'man eating' ceremony to teach children respect, the 'hao-hao' bird, a thunderbird story of lightning, and a story of creation. TRACK 2: Schooner continues with more on the cannibal ceremony and then he discusses longhouses, eulachon grease and boxes, missionaries in ;1883, Alexander Mackenzie in 1733, the Indian name for white people, an Indian version of a flood, Indian medicine, and two stories about Indian doctors.

CALL NUMBER: T1277:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Andy Schooner recalls Bella Coola Indian legends, villages and ceremonies PERIOD COVERED: 1733-1883 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08-20 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Andy Schooner discusses a story about a discovery of stone canoes and people, and Native art depicting potlatches. Orchard and Schooner talk about miscellaneous items. [TRACK 2: blank.]

SUMMARY: "Between Ourselves" was a weekly series of hour-long radio programs that presented Canada to Canadians. It featured aspects of Canadian life in docudramas, plays, music, and interviews, originating fr;om different regions of Canada. The series ran from 1966 to 1979. "The Great West Road", which comprises two episodes, presents the story of two journeys from the Fraser River to the Pacific Ocean: th;e first by Alexander Mackenzie in 1793, and the second by a party of scientists following Mackenzies's route in 1975. Dr. Roy Carlson, Dr. Rudi Haering, and Dr. Earl Nelson describe their own adventu;res en route, while Mackenzie's story is told in excerpts from his journal.;

SUMMARY: "Between Ourselves" was a weekly series of hour-long radio programs that presented Canada to Canadians. It featured aspects of Canadian life in docudramas, plays, music, and interviews, originating fr;om different regions of Canada. The series ran from 1966 to 1979. "The Riverboys and the Fur Traders", presented in two parts, is the story of a river journey made in 1971 by the First Fort George Sco;ut Troop. The scouts were retracing the route followed by Simon Fraser in 1806, and (in part) by Alexander Mackenzie in 1793 -- from McLeod Lake to the Fraser via the Parsnip, Pack and McGregor Rivers;. The program combines excerpts from the journals of Mackenzie and Fraser with recordings made by Imbert Orchard during the course of the scouts' journey. The program also juxtaposes sounds from a var;iety of sources. Roy Brinson is heard as the voice of Simon Fraser, and Robert Clothier as Alexander Mackenzie.;

CALL NUMBER: T1273:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Clifford Kopas recalls arrival in Bella Coola in 1933 and tells some early history, 1862-1894 PERIOD COVERED: 1862-1933 RECORDED: Bella Coola (B.C.), 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Clifford Kopas recalls his arrival in Bella Coola in 1933 and discusses some early history of the region (1862-1894): his arrival in Bella Coola by following Alexander Mackenzie's route in 19;33, the trip from Quesnel to Algatcho, his arrival in Firvale, and his first impressions of the Bella Coola Valley. TRACK 2: Clifford Kopas discusses the Waddington massacre, the death of Governor Frederick Seymour in 1869, fishing, the arrival of Lieutenant H.S. Palmer of the Royal Engineers in 1862, "The Grease Trail" from 1862 to 1869, "overlanders" who came to Bella Coola in search of gold, 1;869 Hudson's Bay Co. established their post, a series of men who served at the fort from 1869-1882, the 1883 arrival of missionaries including William Henry Pierce and Thomas Crosby, how in 1885 B.F. Jacobsen visited Bella Coola and took 9 native people to Germany, and the Norwegian settlers who arrived in 1894.

CALL NUMBER: T1273:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Clifford Kopas : Bella Coola road, 1951-1955 and more history, 1922-1937 PERIOD COVERED: 1793-1955 RECORDED: Bella Coola (B.C.), 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Clifford Kopas discusses Bella Coola Road (1951-1955) and more history from the region (1922-1937). Kopas discusses the construction for the Bella Coola Road including problems, costs, a com;parison to previous trails, the canyon, the precipice, and Indian routes. Then he discusses other activities pertaining to the road including tourism, logging, mining, and fishing. TRACK 2: Clifford Kopas continues with more on the road including the need for a highway, the building of an airstrip, television, the differences between isolation and civilization, tourism and hotels. Kopas discusses; petroglyphs (rock carvings) which were unearthed in 1922 , the origins of Indians in the area including details about crossing the Bering Strait, a description of Alexander MacKenzie's trip in 1793, Kopas' own trip through the Interior (compared to MacKenzie's), "Grease Trail", Lord Tweedsmuir's visit, Bella Coola's move in 1937, and details about the typhoid epidemic.

CALL NUMBER: T1273:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Clifford Kopas : life in Bella Coola - the people PERIOD COVERED: 1966-1966 RECORDED: Bella Coola (B.C.), 1966-08-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Clifford Kopas describes relationships between whites and Indians, the Indian adaptation to white civilization, a breakdown of the male population in occupations, agriculture in the Bella Coo;la Valley, how milk is brought in from Vancouver, weather in the winter, his impressions of Anahim Lake, community spirit and Norwegians, and the advantages of Bella Coola as a port. [TRACK 2: blank.;]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Dave Moody recalls Indian culture : legends, religion, justice, ceremonies PERIOD COVERED: prehistory-1793 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1966-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dave Moody discusses Indian culture including legends, religion, justice and ceremonies. He begins with a legend about a 'big man' from the mountains, a discussion of rock carvings, religion and monotheism, Indian law and justice, a thunderbird dance, various Indian dialects, a woman who dreamed of the arrival of white men, and building a smokehouse where Alexander MacKenzie arrived in the Bella Coola valley.

CALL NUMBER: T3150:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: How Dr. Nelson, Dr. Roy Carlson and Dr. Rudi Haering became involved in exploring Alexander Mackenzie's trail through central BC and looking for the source of a form of obsidian used in trade among native people; their first adventures travelling by horse in a pack train. TRACK 2: Following Mackenzie's trail from Haering's Blackwater Ranch; confirming Mackenzie's fish story; impressions of the landscape; camping along the route; discoveries of obsidian; local residents; finding the trail; crossing the Blackwater River to Kluskus; church at Kluskus; wildlife on the trail; Indians at Kluskus; artefacts.

CALL NUMBER: T3150:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Trail from Kluskus to Pan Phillips' dude ranch; obsidian in the Ulkatcho mountains; travel to Dean River; trip to Vancouver to have rock analysed; visit to Ulkatcho village. TRACK 2: Trail through Tanga Lake; trip over Mackenzie Pass to the Bella Coola River and down to Bella Coola; visit to Mackenzie's rock; canoe trip down the Bella Coola River; radio contact with the outside world; brief comments on the trip as an experience.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dr. Roy Carlson describes his part in the trip over Alexander Mackenzie's trail to find the source of mysterious forms of obsidian used in native trade; visit to the Trudeau ranch; travel on horseback; Kluskus village, its church and archaeological sites; the obsidian trade and why it is studied; adventures while travelling from Blackwater Ranch to Tanya Lake, through Mackenzie Pass to Bella Coola; finding sources of obsidian. TRACK 2: Information from locals; sources of obsidian and the trade along the trail; comments on ranching in that part of the Chilcotin.

CALL NUMBER: T3149:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The obsidian trail : [tape 1] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dr. Rudi Haering tells how he became involved in exploring the trade route along Alexander Mackenzie's trail through BC, and looking for the source of a form of obsidian used in trade among native people; X-ray techniques in archaeology; trade routes; how the three scholars (i.e., Haering, Carlson, and Nelson) got together to find the source of the mysterious obsidian; findings; problems along the trail. TRACK 2: Finding the trail from Mackenzie Pass to the Bella Coola Valley; trip from the Blackwater Ranch to Mackenzie Pass through Kluskus and Ulkatcho; Burnt Bridge Creek; canoeing down the Bella Coola River with natives; Indian story about Mackenzie.

CALL NUMBER: T3149:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The obsidian trail : [tape 2] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Retracing Mackenzie's route from Blackwater Ranch on horseback and wagon; campsites; wildlife; artifacts; local ranches; more on campsites; Kluskoil Lake. TRACK 2: Pan Phillips' ranch; looking for obsidian in Ulkatcho mountains; more about Kluskus; other travellers; trail from Eliguk Lake to Ulkatcho; Mackenzie's accomplishment; visit to Mackenzie's rock; Saugstad house at Hagensborg.

Extracts of minutes recording an examination of John Meares relative to his activities in the fur trade on the northwest coast of North America, correspondence and a memorial presented by Alexander Mackenzie seeking rights to establish a fur trade company on the northwest coast of North America.

SUMMARY: "Roads to the Sea", number 11 in the series, discusses journeys across the Chilcotin Plateau; the Indian "grease trails"; Alexander Mackenzie; horse and buggy roads; and a trip down the Homathko Valley to Bute Inlet. The Bryant family's journey to Tatla Lake. Lord Tweedsmuir's visit to the Bella Coola Valley. Voices heard include: Phyllis Bryant, Caroline Moffat, Alfred Bryant, Tom Carolan, and Albert Franklin.

The series is a microfilmed copy of a journal kept by Joel Cotter as he retraced sections of Alexander Mackenzie's and Simon Fraser's routes in June and July, 1975.

CALL NUMBER: T0635:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mrs. Hannah Clarissa (Mickey) Dorsey talks about life in the Anahim Lake area of the Chilcotin, 1932 to 1965. Mrs. Dorsey describes her family background; Bella Coola; Indians in the Port Simpson area around 1928; the Anahim Lake area; her husband and ranches they have owned; cabins; supplies; trucks coming in from the east; the story of how they came to Anahim Lake in 1932; people in the area then; the Stuie Stampede; the Bryant family and Jane Bryant Lehman as a nurse in the area. TRACK 2: Mrs. Dorsey discusses life on an isolated ranch; the countryside; sounds; wolves; evenings; Paul St. Pierre and his books on the Chilcotin; Lord Tweedsmuir's visit; bears; general comments on ranch life; how her husband came to the Chilcotin; settlers in the area; Paul Christanoff, a fur trader; and a story about a man with pneumonia.

CALL NUMBER: T0635:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mrs. Dorsey tells a story of a trip with Rich Hobson through the Chilcotin and Central Interior. Then she discusses Hobson, Pan Phillips and the Home Ranch; Kluskus village; lakes and rivers around Ulkatcho; Alexander MacKenzie's route; reasons for lack of development in the area; hay meadows; and a trip on horseback from Anahim Lake to Vanderhoof. [TRACK 2: blank.]

SUMMARY: This program deals with the Indian people of the Bella Coola region: their art, culture, and community life; prophecies of the coming of the white man; relations with Alexander MacKenzie and the Norwegian settlers. Voices heard include: Margaret Siwallace, Andy Schooner, Paul Kopas, Elliot Weisgarber, Ted Levelton, and Milo Fougner.

SUMMARY: This program recounts two journeys into Bella Coola: Alexander Mackenzie's journey in 1793, and that made by Cliff Kopas in 1933.

The item is a report on the 1976 reconnaissance of Sir Alexander Mackenzie's route from the Tanya Lakes to the mouth of Burnt Bridge Creek and also the Burnt Bridge Grease Trail including a report on the condition of the Yukon Telegraph trail and line between the first cabin and the first half-way cabin.

Program elements (narration, actualities, "text", etc.) for Imbert Orchard's two-part CBC radio documentary. "The Riverboys and the Fur Traders" is the story of a river journey made in 1971 by the First Fort George Scout Troop. The scouts were retracing the route followed by Simon Fraser in 1806, and (in part) by Alexander Mackenzie in 1793 -- from McLeod Lake to the Fraser via the Parsnip, Pack and McGregor Rivers.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1970 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Thomas Squinas talks about his father, Chief Domas Squinas; the arrival of Alexander MacKenzie as told by his father; the Ulgatcho people; more on Chief Squinas' life; trails in the Anahim Lake region, his father's packing days; the arrival of white men; the Waddington massacre; trapping and the first settlers; Jane Bryant. TRACK 2: Mr. Squinas continues with more on Jane Bryant; frontier first aid; Tom and Annie Engebretson; pre-contact stories; getting supplies from Tom Lee's store at Alexis Creek; and Antoine Capoose.