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CALL NUMBER: T1887:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): C.D. Orchard : forestry in British Columbia, 1920-1958 (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1893-1925 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Orchard born 1893 in Wakefield, N.B. Became a teacher in N.B. Comments on the development of forestry education. Entered forestry at UNB. In Canadian Armed Forces, 1914-19. Returned to forestry at UNB. Obtained job in BCFS in 1920. Met forester Charles S. Cowan and Chief Forester M.A. Grainger. Orchard's introduction to the Forest Branch. Early survey and cruising methods. Field work in Vernon. Working conditions in the Forest Branch. Cruise of the Kelowna watershed, 1920. Work along the Nass River, 1921. TRACK 2: More on cruising in the Nass River area, 1921022. Forest Branch work. Indians in the Nass country. Aiyansh. Comments on timber sales and forest management. Orchard put in charge of all forest surveys. Timber cruising methods. The development of forestry education. CALL NUMBER: T1887:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): C.D. Orchard : forestry in British Columbia, 1920-1958 (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1912-1961 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: History of the B.C. Forest Branch: H.R. MacMillan, the first Chief Forester, 1912; early personnel; early forest inventories in B.C.; early organization of the Forest Service. Orchard becomes; District Forester in Cranbrook in 1924. Conditions in Cranbrook. Assistant District Forester in Nelson, 1925. Comments on Chief Forester P.Z. Caverhill. Forestry conditions in B.C., 1910-40. Early timber leases. Comments on the Fulton Commission, 1909-10. Comments on Martin A. Grainger, secretary to the commission and later Chief Forester. Letter from H.R. MacMillan about Grainger and A.W. Ross, Minister of Lands. The Nelson Forest District in the mid-1920s. TRACK 2: More on the forest district especially about forest fires. Orchard becomes District Forester in Prince George, 1927. Transportation in the Prince George district. A forester's problems: fires and accounts. Attempted political interference in the Forest Branch. Patronage in the Public Service. Conditions in Prince George. Internal Forest Branch matters. Orchard moved to Victoria office, 1930. Patronage appointments of some staff. Orchard's duties. CALL NUMBER: T1887:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): C.D. Orchard : forestry in British Columbia, 1920-1958 (part 3) PERIOD COVERED: 1912-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Forest Branch finances: Forest Protection Fund and annual allotments. Changes in Forest Branch function: forest protection before 1940 and forest management afterwards. Problems of the Depression. Staff shortages. Forest Branch equipment. Fire pumps. Orchard become head of Forest Service research, 1932. More on Depression problems. Chief Forester P.Z. Caverhill dies, 1935. E.C. Manning becomes Chief Forester and Orchard Deputy Chief Forester, January 1936. Comments on Caverhill and Manning. Manning a promoter of parks. Parks turned over to Forest Branch in 1939. Parks to Recreation and Conservation in 1957. More on Manning. Manning dies in an air crash and Orchard becomes Chief Forester, 1941. Problems presented by WW II. The new job. TRACK 2: Problems of WW II. Forest industry profiteering. Labour problems. The perception of management problems in the early 1940s. The idea of sustained yield develops in the 1940s. Experiments in small log production. Role of Bob Filberg in these experiments. Political pressures on the Forest Service. Socreds susceptible to industry pressure. More on sustained yield. Orchard's memorandum on sustained yield, 1942. Private debate on forest management, 1942-43. Gordon Sloan appointed Royal Commissioner to look into forest management, 1943. The Sloan Commission. CALL NUMBER: T1887:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): C.D. Orchard : forestry in British Columbia, 1920-1958 (part 4) PERIOD COVERED: 1943-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Sloan Commission hearings, 1943-45. Orchard becomes Deputy Minister of Forests, 1945. Orchard continues as Chief Forester. Problems of wartime. Sloan's report in 1945 supports sustained yield. Evolution of the Forest Management License concept. E.T. Kenney becomes Minister of Lands and Forests, 1944. Comments on Kenney. Amendments to the Forest Act, 1946 and 1947. Disagreements with J.V. Fisher, Deputy Minister of Finance. Opposition to FMLs. Problems with the license system. Negotiations for early FMLs. TRACK 2: Forest management experiences elsewhere. Orchard's faith in the forest management system. The second Sloan Commission, 1955-56. Forest Service takes returning WW II veterans. Comments on UBC Faculty of Forestry. Ranger school at Green Timbers. Construction of ranger school. Comments on Fred Mulholland. Progress in the forest industry. Integration in the forest industry and reasons for it. Post-war production trends. Defense of forest management policies. Forest Service roads. CALL NUMBER: T1887:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): C.D. Orchard : forestry in British Columbia, 1920-1958 (part 5) PERIOD COVERED: 1912-[no date] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1961 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Forestry work under the Silvicultural Fund. Fund ended in 1956. The second Sloan Commission into forestry, 1955-56. The Socred takeover, 1952. Orchard's opinions of the Socred government. The Sommers case from Orchard's point of view. Summary of the accomplishments of the Forest Service from 1912. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T1856:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Gordon Gibson story (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1904-1940 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Gordon Gibson describes his early life as a logger, especially on the West Coast of Vancouver Island. Work for the Munitions Board during the First World War. The Gibson family's involvement in the shingle industry, logging and in the pilchard industry, all on the West Coast. The Gibson's accidental entry into the shipping industry. Anecdotes about the SS "Malahat". TRACK 2: More about the "Malahat", especially on the Queen Charlottes. The Gibsons begin to prosper. More about the "Malahat". CALL NUMBER: T1856:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Gordon Gibson story (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1916-1957 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Getting into the forest industry in the 1930s and 1940s. Logging shows on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The Gibson family's business deals. Description of early camp conditions. TRACK 2: The construction of Jeune Landing logging camp. Changes in loggers' lifestyles. CALL NUMBER: T1856:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Gordon Gibson story (part 3) PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Gibson recalls a 1948 speech by his brother Clarke to the Truck Loggers Association. Discussion of the development of forest policy in B.C. TRACK 2: Continuation of the discussion of forest management policies. Discussion focuses around the situation in Quatsino Sound. CALL NUMBER: T1856:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Gordon Gibson story (part 4) PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Continuation of the discussion of forest management policies in B.C. Discussion of the 'Sommers Case': how Gibson got into politics; disagreements with the East Asiatic Co.; early discussions with Sommers; money to Coalition for campaigning funds; the Lord Commission; involvement of Gordon Wismer. TRACK 2: The Sommers Case (cont'd): connection between FMLs and Coalition campaign funds; more on the Lord Commission; Gibson's resignation and the Lillooet by-election; the Sturdy-Eversfield connection; Sturdy's presentation of evidence to the Sloan Commission; Eversfield and Sturdy visit Bonner; the RCMP (Butler) Inquiry. CALL NUMBER: T1856:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Gordon Gibson story (part 5) PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Continuation of a discussion of the Sommers Case: the RCMP (Butler) Inquiry; Johnny Fairburn incident; Britannia Beach story; Liberal Party opposed Gibson; speculation about the amounts involved; philosophical implications. Orchard gives his side of the story. Further discussion of forest management policies. TRACK 2: More on forest management policies and matters of political philosophy. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T1871:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Reginald V. Stuart : the B.C. Forest Branch, 1914-1927 (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1910-1927 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960-01-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Arrived in Vancouver in 1910 from Golden. Worked for Robert Filberg at Golden, 1919. Description of Vancouver in 1910. Clearing land in Vancouver. Stuart's early work history. Went to work at Powell River in 1911. Stuart enumerates the major logging companies on the South Coast and on Vancouver Island. Logging methods and technology in 1911. Wages and working conditions. Woods jobs. Stuart's work as accountant and scaler. TRACK 2: Forestry officials prior to the formation of the B.C. Forest Branch. Logging methods. The establishment of the B.C. Forest Branch under H.R. MacMillan in 1912. Stuart joined Forest Branch in 1914. Attempted political interference with the operation of the Forest Branch. Resistance to the ideas of forest management. Stuart's territory as a ranger. CALL NUMBER: T1871:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Reginald V. Stuart : the B.C. Forest Branch, 1914-1927 (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1914-1940 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1960-01-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Anecdotes about Stuart's days as a ranger along the lower coast. Story of the resale of Hastings sawmill timber lease. Economic factors in the development of the forest industry. The low price of timber. Stuart worked for the Forest Branch, 1914-27. Reminiscences of the Chief Foresters: H.R. MacMillan, Martin Grainger, P.Z. Caverhill. TRACK 2: More on the career of M.A. Grainger. Comments on P.Z. Caverhill, Chief Forester in 1920s and 1930s. Stuart becomes manager of the Loggers Association, 1927. Public relations problems of the Forest Branch, 1920s. The first use of aircraft by the Forest Branch, 1917. Early air crashes near Vancouver. The first use of radios by the Forest Branch, 1920. Favourable comments on T.D. Pattullo. (End of interview)