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This series consists of forest tenure records from the Northern Interior Forest Region, 1980-2010. The Northern Interior Forest Region was created with the amalgamation of the Prince George Forest Region and Prince Rupert Forest Region in 2003. At this time all open tenure files were transferred to the new Northern Interior Forest Region. The region has included a variety of different forest districts. Records may regard the following Forest Districts: Cassiar, Dawson Creek, Fort Nelson, Fort St. John, Fort St. James, Kalum, Kispiox, Mackenzie, Morice, Prince George, Quesnel, Robson Valley, and Vanderhoof. Note that the names and boundaries of districts and regions varied over the years.

Types of forest tenure records include: forest licences, licences to cut, timber licences, timber sale licences, timber licences, records related to Tree Farm Licence 51 (TFL 51) and pulpwood agreements. Pulpwood Agreements allow the continuance, establishment or expansion of a timber processing facility.

Records regard the issuance, evaluation, administration, monitoring, planning, replacement, cancellation and extension of forest tenures, as well as operations information. Operations information includes business and planning records regarding the establishment and operations of mills and other forestry related projects. They provide additional context of how and why licences were applied for and approved, as well as relevant administrative history of the companies such as name changes, changes in ownership and financial information.

Records include legal documents, annual reports, licences, licence applications, development plans, management plans, invitations for applications, financial records, briefing notes, correspondence, maps, photographs, agreements, proposals, drafts and procedures.

Some records regard First Nations owned logging operations and consultation with First Nations. Groups include the Tsay Kay Dene, Carrier Sekani Tribal Council, Takla (Takla Lake Indian Band), Kitwanga, Gitanyow, Gitxsan and others.

The ministries responsible for Forest and Range Districts, and the years that they were responsible, are:
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1976-1986)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Lands (1986-1988)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1988-2005)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Range (2005-2010)

This series is classified under ORCS numbers 19500-20, 19500-25, 19500-60, 19560-20,19580-20, 19600-25, 19600-20, 19700-60, 19710-45 and 19710-65 of the Ministry of Forests schedule (881261).

This series consists of silviculture experiments and audit records from the Northern Interior Forest Region, 1973-2009. The Northern Interior Forest Region was created with the amalgamation of the Prince George Forest Region and Prince Rupert Forest Region in 2003. The region has included a variety of different forest districts. Records may regard the following Forest Districts: Cassiar, Dawson Creek, Fort Nelson, Fort St. John, Fort St. James, Kalum, Kispiox, Mackenzie, Morice, Prince George, Quesnel, Robson Valley, and Vanderhoof. Note that the names and boundaries of districts and regions varied over the years.

The Ministry of Forests defines silviculture as “the art and science of controlling the establishment, growth, composition, health, and quality of forests and woodlands to meet the diverse needs and values of landowners and society on a sustainable basis.”

Silviculture (SX) experiment files regard trials completed under the jurisdiction of the silviculture program. Includes records detailing all silviculture trials conducted, working plans, results, evaluations, reports, models, copies of articles, maps, data, photos, slides, field notes and video tapes.

Silviculture audit and assessment files regard the audits and assessments made by the Ministry to ensure basic silviculture is carried out in accordance with regulations and approved silviculture prescriptions detailed in the Forest Practices Code of British Columbia Act. Audits evaluate whether or not there has been compliance with the regulations, the silviculture prescriptions are suitable, and there is acceptable progress towards achievement of silviculture objectives in the approved silviculture prescription. Silviculture prescription audits are carried out on areas under both major licences and areas under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (SBFEP) with approved silviculture prescriptions. Major licence audits relate to the operations of a specific company identified in the file title. SBFEP audits will include multiple operations in a particular district; these are identified in the files by timber sale licence (or other tenure type) number. Records can include correspondence, inspection forms, reports, and compliance reports for soil conservation, regeneration, free growing obligations, slides, photos and video tapes.

The series also includes some additional records related to silviculture such as openings, stock surveys and planting information. Related procedures may be included in this series or GR-3918.

The ministries responsible for the Forest and Range Districts, and the years that they were responsible, are:

British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1976-1986)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Lands (1986-1988)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1988-2005)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Range (2005-2010)

This series is classified under ORCS numbers 18765-20,18765-30, 18990-20 and 18990-30 of the Ministry of Forests schedule (881261).

This series includes range management records of the Prince George Forest District, from 1934-2009. Some records are also included from the Fort George Forest District, Robson Valley Forest District and Kamloops Forest District. Records include correspondence, maps, hay cutting permits, land applications, annual reports, and grazing permits, leases and licenses. Records may regard brands, tenure, cooperation, accounts, range resource improvement, general range administration, range condition resource monitoring, range unit use management, community pasture management, the Creation and management of community pastures and balancing land use for range purposes with forestry, wildlife use, recreation and hunting. Each file relates to a particular topic or range tenure.

The majority of records relate to the administration of Grazing Licences and Grazing Permits (ORCS 15700-20) as defined under the Range Act, and Grazing Leases as defined under the Land Act, including issuance, amendments, transfers, billing, monitoring, policy administration, plans specific to tenures, such as Grazing System Plans. Also includes records concerning additions and deletions of land and/or authorized Animal Unit Months (AUM) from grazing tenures. Records include tenure application forms, grazing plans, authorized livestock, correspondence, maps, photos, documents determining range boundaries and use, and information on range improvements and clearing. Note that there may be additional individuals or companies who held the tenure who are not listed in the file list.

Range condition resource management files (ORCS 15420-04, 15420-08 and 15420-09) include files on range seeding and inspections of the condition of certain range units, documented by photos, maps and range use plans.

Range unit files and range unit plans (ORCS 15720-20 and 15720-30) regard measurements of range use, growth and general health. Records include photos, correspondence, range inspections, maps, resource management plans, range management and development plans, photos, user comments, AUM counts, resource analysis, range data, range improvement authorization and range development plans.

Range improvement files (ORCS 15740-20, 15740-35, 15740-30) relate to structural and non-structural resource improvements. Records concerning structural improvements include: fences and cattleguards, water developments and trails. Non-structural improvements include prescribed burns, silvicultural treatments for forage enhancement, grass seeding, fertilization, salting, weed management and timber harvesting. Records include correspondence, improvement authorization, maps of location of planned improvements, invoices, description of improvements, meeting minutes, reports, range use plans, community or stakeholder consultation, pasture use rules, improvement completion reports, water licenses and grazing enhancement fund records.

Community pasture use management files (ORCS 15620-20) include files relating to issues of elk grazing on rangeland and sources of funding for range improvements.

The ministries responsible for the creation of these records, and the years that they were responsible, are:

Dept. of Lands (1908-1945)
Dept. of Lands and Forests (1945-1962)
Dept. of Lands, Forests and Water Resources (1962-1975)
Dept. of Forests (1975-1976)
Ministry of Forests (1976-1986)
Ministry of Forests and Lands (1986-1988)
Ministry of Forests (1988-2005)
Ministry of Forests and Range (2005-2010)

Records in accession 96-4985 are covered by ORCS 15700-20, 15620-20, 15740-20, 15740-35, 15740-30, 15720-20, 15720-30, 15420-04, 15420-08 and 15420-09 of the Forest ORCS (schedule 881261).

This series contains records relating to land use management in various parts of the province. The records document the creation and activities of various committees established by the planning region to address specific projects as needed.

The records represent the work of committees dedicated to the management of planning teams, emergency and disaster responses, information sharing, consultation guidelines, information management, safety, construction projects and communications.

Part of the series includes the Vedder River Management Committee which was chaired by the Water Management Branch. Other members included representatives from the Engineering Section of the Water Management Branch, Fisheries and Oceans, Fish and Wildlife Management, Inspector of Dykes, Ministry of Agriculture and the District of Chilliwack.

The records from the Peace Managers concern land management committees in the Northern Interior region as well their sub-committees. The records come from the office of Don Roberts of BC Parks; Peace Liard District who was the chair of Peace Managers (IAMC) and the Peace Manager's Oil and Gas Committee. Andy Ackerman, Manager of Environmental Stewardship, later succeeded him as chair.The Omineca Peace Interagency Management Committee's role oversees and guides the implementation of Cabinet approved Land Resource Management Plans and government corporate land use policies. There are representatives from various provincial agencies including : Ministry of Forests, BC Environment, Ministry of Energy and Mines, BC Parks, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, BC Assets and Lands Corporation, Oil and Gas Commission, Ministry of Transportation and Highways, Land Use Coordination Office and Muskwa-Kechina (Program Manager).

The Deputy Minister's Committee on Drought was established in 2003 following a severe drought in British Columbia that put pressure on many water resources. This multi-agency committee and task force conducted studies on precipitation, temperature and ground water conditions in addition to proposing several action plans and programs to help with water conservation. Their records relate to presentations and tours on water conservation, proposals and a list of options for consideration, as well as update reports. The committee disbanded in 2005 however many of the programs continued to be monitored.

The records in this series also show other forms of land management including projects to build dykes, remove gravel, establish campgrounds, restore natural habitat (particularly for salmon species), build infrastructure and grant land leases for farming, public works and other initiatives. Records include memos, meeting minutes, lease guidelines and copies, maps, blueprints, correspondence, expense reports, approvals, invoices and project reports.

Another part of the series includes committees established to encourage and maintain meaningful consultation with various First Nation groups during Land and Resource Management planning. These records include the grants for funding, protocols, strategic plans, work plans and meeting minutes.

This series consists of a variety of operational records from the Northern Interior Forest Region, 1975-2009. The Northern Interior Forest Region was previously known as the Prince George Forest Region. The region has included a variety of different forest districts, and the series may include records from additional districts outside the region’s boundaries. Records may regard the following Forest Districts: Cassiar, Dawson Creek, Fort Nelson, Fort St. John, Fort St. James, Kalum, Kispiox, Mackenzie, Morice, Prince George, Quesnel, Robson Valley, and Vanderhoof. Note that the names and boundaries of districts and regions varied over the years.

This series includes a wide variety of types of records and subjects. Each records type has been assigned an ORCS number of the Ministry of Forests schedule (881261). This number is included at the beginning of each file code in the finding aid. These are the file numbers used by the creator. In order to search for a particular file type, try searching for all or part of the ORCS number in the finding aid.

The following types of records are included in this series:

Local resource planning Integrated Resource Use Plans are designed to resolve resource use conflicts in specific areas at the local level. Plans generally relate a specific area - usually a watershed or other distinct resource management unit. Types of Local Integrated Resource Use Plans include: Local Resource Use Plans (LRUP) and Integrated Watershed Management Plans (IWMP). Local resource use plans (LRUPs) were replaced by SRMPs between 1999 and 2003 and functioned similarly. The series includes LRUPs for several areas. Files may include correspondence, meeting minutes, community and indigenous consultation, terms of reference, reports, planning team records, final approved plans, and a variety of other records which may document the creation of plans, the annual review of plans by community members and stakeholders, and the execution of the plan. Classified under ORCS numbers 12600-20 and 12600-60.

Sub-regional LRMP policy and procedure records relate to the development of a procedural framework concerning LRMPs. Includes records concerning the development of procedural methods for a variety of LRMP phases, including public input, resource analysis, development, interagency planning teams, implementation and monitoring of plans, and reviews and amendment of plans. Classified under ORCS numbers 12446-00, 12446-01, 12446-04, 12446-06, 12446-08, 12446-10 and 12446-11.

Regional Program Management Plans relate to the development of plans and review of operational program accomplishments at the regional level. Includes draft and approved program management plans (including updates) for programs within regional offices. Classified under ORCS numbers 12360-25 and 12360-30.

Timber product export records relate to the application for and granting of permission to export timber, timber products and surplus timber residues from the Province. These records include Ministerial order exemptions, Order In Council (OIC) Approvals, some Timber Advisory Committee records and chip export reports. Classified under ORCS numbers 20740-03, 20740-04, 20740-05 and 20800-03.

Pricing appeal records relate to appeals and protests concerning timber prices (stumpage rates) set by the Province, and resolved by decision of the Regional Manager. Records include correspondence, summary of evidence, decisions, exhibits, photos and maps. Classified under ORCS numbers 21680-20.

Procedure files regard a wide variety of topics related to all aspects of the Region’s operations.
Silviculture procedures include: prescriptions, obligations, audits and assessments, contracted services, nursery services and pesticides. Forest tenure and timber procedures include: replaceable forest licences, timber licences, woodlot licenses, mill licences, timber harvesting, timber marks, timber export and log salvage. Other procedures regard visual resource management, geomorphology, cone and seed services, residue and waste management, local resource planning, regional management plan development, district program planning and evaluation, special use permits, free use permits, forest service roads, access plans, utilization, pricing, scaling, and cruising. Records include correspondence, briefing notes, manuals, forms, reports, reference materials and training materials. Some files include information about contractors and third party service providers. Procedure records have the secondary “-02” and are classified under a variety of ORCS numbers. Additional procedures may be in related series.

There are also files on a variety of miscellaneous topics, most of which only contain one or two files. These include: scaling examinations; research project reports; damage to roads; timber harvesting contract regulation registers of arbitrators and mediators; silviculture program implementation policies; Interior utilization guidelines; Coast utilization guidelines; access plans; and timber harvest appeals. Classified under ORCS numbers 23900-03, 21610-06, 21610-07, 17440-25, 17440-40, 11200-08, 17640-25, 18040-00, 19920-04, 19920-03, 11050-20 and 19020-20.

The ministries responsible for the Forest and Range Districts, and the years that they were responsible, are:

British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1976-1986)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Lands (1986-1988)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1988-2005)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Range (2005-2010)

The series consists of various timber tenures from the Mackenzie Forest District. These records document the Government’s administration of timber licences during the period of 1967-2006. This forest district was part of the Prince George Forest Region (1978-2003) and the Northern Interior Forest Region (2003-2010). Note that the names and boundaries of districts and regions varied over the years.

The series includes the following types of timber tenures: timber sale harvesting licences (TSHL), timber sale licences (TSL) and Forest Licences (FL), licences to cut and woodlot licences.

TSHLs provide the right to cut a volume of timber whereas TSL’s provide the right to cut in a geographic area. TSHLs were first introduced in 1967 and provided individuals and businesses with a permit to cut a volume of timber. The majority of the records relate to the following licences: A00516, A00780, A08597, A15384, A15385, and A07739.

The majority of files relate to cutting permits for these licences. Licensees were required to apply for a forest licence or similar tenure and cutting permits in order to harvest timber. Records regard the issuance, evaluation, administration, monitoring, planning, replacement, cancellation, deletion and extension of these timber tenures.

The series contains files of cutting permits, correspondence, maps, technical data, development plans, annual reports and exhibit A charts for the licences. Most files do not contain the original application for a licence. The development plans contain forest company reports, maps and correspondence. The annual report files contain forest company reports on annual activities, maps and correspondence. The exhibit A files consist of correspondence, clearance forms and maps. The series also includes an annual silviculture MLSIS report and public meeting records regarding timber harvesting transfers.

Ministries responsible and the dates that they were responsible for creating the records include:
Dept. of Lands, Forests and Water Resources, 1967-1975
Dept. of Forests, 1975-1976
Ministry of Forests, 1976-1986
Ministry of Forests and Lands, 1986-1988

The records have been classified under classification 19500-45, 19540-25, 19590-20, 19590-25, 19590-45, 19595, 19600-20, 19600-25, 19600-45 and 19620-25 in the Forest Operational Classification System (ORCS).

This series contains operational records of the Prince George Forest District relating to forest administration, 1919-1981. Records are arranged according to the Forest Service filing system. These records include annual reports, ranger meeting summaries, records regarding timber exports, forest protection, forest reserves, the Peace River hydroelectric projects, the Mica Dam flood basin, land use, timber cruising, silviculture, aerial photography, rights-of-way, timber sales, timber licenses, Public Sustained Yield Units, tree farm licences, and forest wood lot licenses. Also contains construction and maintenance reports pertaining to ranger stations, lookouts, forest roads and trails, boathouses, telephone lines and other Forest Service facilities. Records consist of correspondence, memoranda, reports, licenses, permits, plans, etc.

The ministries responsible for the Forest Districts, and the years that they were responsible, are:

British Columbia. Dept. of Lands (1908-1945)
British Columbia. Dept. of Lands and Forests (1945-1962)
British Columbia. Dept. of Lands, Forests and Water Resources (1962-1975)
British Columbia. Dept. of Forests (1975-1976)
British Columbia. Ministry of Forests (1976-1986)

The item is an audio recording produced for the Provincial Archives' Sound Heritage Series under contract. In "Travellers of the North", Martin Starret tells the stories of the bold and tough-minded men who travelled the communications routes of northern British Columbia. Pioneer mailmen, packers, priests and fur traders are among the characters described. The program is based on interviews with Martin Starret recorded in 1963-1964.

This series consists of a list of sawmills, planer mills and barker-chippers organized by Ranger District until 1979 and by Forest District thereafter, compiled by the District forester/Regional Manager. Contains information as to name of mill or mill owner, address, physical location, type, i.e.: portable, stationary, farmer, planer in connection with saw mill, or equipped with gang saws, capacity per shift in cubic meters (mbm before metrication) and projected expansion. Compiled twice a year until 1955, annually thereafter.

Series consists of correspondence, financial records, membership rolls, minutes, briefs and newsletters of the branch of this organization of forest officer civil servants in the Prince George Forest District.

Series consists of minute books.

Reminiscences and autobiographies of pioneer residents accumulated in the course of writing "Vanderhoof, the town that wouldn't wait", 1979.

Series consists of minute books.

This series contains circular letters from the District Forester to field staff pertaining to forest protection, forest management, range management, office methods etc. The records include some circular letters from the Chief Forester to District Foresters. The records are arranged chronologically.

This series contains circular letters from District Forester to field staff pertaining to forest protection, forest management, etc. It includes some circular letters from the Chief Forester to District Foresters.

This series contains records originating from the Prince George District and Omineca - Peace River Region. They include annual reports, 1953-1957; public inquiries correspondence, 1962-1972; correspondence with the Prince George Chamber of Commerce regarding the B.C. Tourist Association, 1961-1962; Forest Service materials regarding forest fire suppression and the Youth Training programme, 1956-1957.

The series is a microfilmed copy of a journal kept by Joel Cotter as he retraced sections of Alexander Mackenzie's and Simon Fraser's routes in June and July, 1975.

The sub-series consists of oral history interviews about the history of the Babine, Nechako, Omineca, Stuart-Takla and Upper Fraser regions, from the 1980s to the mid-20th century. The interviews focus mainly on the areas of Babine Lake, Burns Lake, Fort George (Prince George), Fort St. James, Francois Lake, Ootsa Lake, and Vanderhoof.

Stanley Howard Frame (1878-1973) was a surveyor who worked as a District Hydrometric Engineer for the Department of the Interior in Alberta, as Assistant Engineer, Irrigation Block in Alberta, and as a hydraulic engineer at the B.C. Water Rights Branch (1928-1947).

Diaries, 1916-1972, covering Frame's work as District Hydrometric Engineer, for the Dept. of the Interior, Cardston and McLeod districts, Alberta, 1916-1918; as Assistant Engineer, Irrigation Block, Brooks, Alberta for the CPR Dept. of Natural Resources, 1918-1928; and as hydraulic engineer, British Columbia Water Rights Branch, 1928-1947. The diaries also covers his life in Victoria to 1972. Memoirs, 1903-1913 of work as Grand Trunk Pacific engineer, Prairies, Prince Rupert and Calgary. A genealogical and historical record of some pioneer families of Nova Scotia and New England. Dance and conference programmes.

Minute book, 1962-1971 and cash book, 1962-1970. Annual reports under the Societies Act, 1965 and 1968, resolutions, etc., filed at beginning of volume.

Presented by Lake District Beef Growers' Association per Mrs. P.M. Stewart, BC. Cattlemen's Association, Heffley Creek, BC, 1986.

RECORDED: [location unknown], [1971?]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Ted Johnstone, who is the Co-Ordinator of Construction for the PGE, discusses contracting for rail laying, all that is involved in surveying in laying down new railways, the reason for a railroad extension in northern BC, how minerals play a large part in the planning of railway routes, the terrain up to Takla, hauling supplies, more on routing, various contracts, the process of laying ties, and rail beds. Irvin Parr, a location engineer, discusses his experiences working for the PGE over the previous 6 years, work surveying, what he was given as a guideline for the area before he began to survey, and work as a location engineer including what the job entails. TRACK 2: Irvin Parr continues by discussing his work from the stage of preliminary plans and staking the land, and the beginning of deciding how to route the railway. Then Gordon Goodkey discusses the timber licensing for the railway, the PGE's Omineca Division, and the unlimited potential of the Tatla area.

This series contains operational records from the Prince George Forest District and consists of property ledgers for "non-expendable property" - see: Operational Manual with instructions to Forest Officers ... (Victoria, 1942), pp. 161-168, 311-327 for definitions and instructions - and a uniform ledger containing records concerning items on charge to personnel who have left the district. Files 1-5, Volume 1 are a property ledger for the period 1953-1955; File 6, Volume 1 through File 1, Volume 4 are a property ledger, 1961-1966; and Files 2-4, Volume 4 contain a uniform ledger, 1950-1970.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0014
SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Martin Starret and Dick Lattie
RECORDED: Hazelton (B.C.), 1966
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret continues with his story about his arrival in Hazelton in October 1909 on the steamboat. He offers a detailed account of what Hazelton was like, including the stores there and their locations. He talks of pack horses and specific mule trains such as that of Cataline and George Burns. Mr. Starret offers his impressions of Hazelton as he and Mr. Orchard look over the town; he compares Hazelton in 1909 to [1966]. Dick Lattie, born 1895, talks about his life in Hazelton, and he and Mr. Starret recall when they first met in the fall of 1912. Mr. Starret and Mr. Lattie recall leading the Bell Mare pack train to Manson Creek with pipe for the miners. Mr. Lattie cooked and served food for the pack train. Mr. Lattie describes the trail from Hazelton along Babine Road, over the hills to Manson Creek where the miners were mining gold. He describes Manson Creek as it was. The miners there including a Chinese man named Packtrain Joe. Ferrying mules across Takla Lake; Ned Charleston's pack trains; and working for Cataline. TRACK 2: Mr. Lattie continues, discussing: pack trains, the Indian village before Hazelton was founded, where the first white settlements were and how the Indians moved to reservations.The first white man in the area was Charlie Humans [sp?] who moved there to start a store. Mr. Starret describes an Indian chief who had a lot of power, the first one who had a pole carved on the Hazelton reserve. Mr. Lattie discusses the towns in the area before Hazelton was founded and the white people came, and Indian chiefs and their homes. Mr. Lattie discusses trade between the people of Babine and Hazelton; instruments used in ceremonial dances; and the songs used in the ceremonies.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0015
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret discusses a 1909 trip on a Union Steamship vessel, the "Camosun", from Vancouver through Alert Bay to Prince Rupert to meet his mother at Metlakatla. The boys waiting at the dock could not read but bought news papers so as to look educated. Mr. Starret discusses boat travel during fall rains. He offers anecdotes about things that happened on the boat, including a story about a man who was looking for the saloon on the boat and the story of his hardships as told to Mr. Starret. Mr. Starret describes his experience upon landing in Prince Rupert, and the process of getting to Metlakatla and reuniting with his mother. Mr. Starret describes his experiences in Metlakatla, including people's names, a description of the town, and a meeting with Captain Irving. He describes the geography. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret discusses another four-day steamboat trip from Port Essington, up the Skeena River to Hazelton. He describes some of the passengers, including Blackjack McDonald, the cargo (70 tons of liquor for a hotel), the boat itself, the Captain's notion of shallow and deeper water, the condition of the boats, the crew, a character named Turley Hambley who established Hambley's Landing, what staterooms and dining saloons were like on board, the steerage accommodations, Captain Jackman, the scenery, Fred Daniels, and more on the passengers.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0016
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret tells the story of his mother; how she came to Hope at age sixteen to teach school and married his father a year and a half later. Eventually the ranch at Hope was not generating enough money to support the family, so she left with the three children (other than Martin) to teach all over the province. In January 1909, she went to Metlakatla to teach. Mr. Starret discusses people in the [northern BC] area, including Simon Gun-an-noot, other Indians and relationships with Indians. He discusses his experience attending South Park School in Victoria, and never feeling comfortable among the city kids there, and other aspects of his education. He describes his mother's physical appearance, ability as a teacher, her relationship with Martin and his brother, her ability as a fur trader (Fort St. James offered more money for fur than Fort Babine), and her retirement back to the ranch in Hope. Mr. Starret describes the location his uncle's home in Hazelton and the old original miners' cabins before the railroad came through. Mr. Starret tells a story about a time he dug potatoes and wheeled them across town for his uncle. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret describes what Hazelton looked like and what kind of place it was when he first arrived. One feature that distinguished it from other frontier towns was that it had warehouses. He describes the surrounding country and his experiences there, gardening techniques attuned to the landscape and climate, Hazelton's place along the Skeena River, a description of the buildings and their construction, the geography of Fort Babine, and salmon as the staple food of the Indians there. Mr. Starret then describes the town of Burns Lake and the people who lived there.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0017
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret describes his uncle Charles Victor Smith's house in Hazelton which was built by Indians. He goes on to discuss the life of C.V. Smith, including several life stories such as how he came to live in Hazelton. C.V. Smith took over his father's tug boat, until his eyesight began to fail him before he was forty years old. Smith decided to go into the fur business. He began by opening a shop and eventually moved to Hazelton in 1904. Mr. Starret discusses Smith's family including his two daughters. Mr. Starret tells a story about a trip to Babine with his uncle with mention to several Babine natives, attitudes of the Indians, interactions with Indians and details of a pack train. Indians based a storekeepers wealth by how much sugar he kept in stock, C.V. Smith had two hundred pounds on the same boat load which carried Blackjack's liquor. The idea was not to compete with Hudson's Bay Company, but to attract trappers. Mr. Starret tells a story about an Indian packer named Alfred Danes. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret describes how his mother was under the impression that Indians in the north were wild. She was worried about her brother until he assured her that the Indians were the easiest people to get along with in British Columbia. Several anecdotes about how Indians are easy to get along with are offered. Mr. Starret describes a saddle horse trip to Babine with his mother and uncle including the supplies they brought, camping equipment, cooking, the weather, the Indians they were with, anecdotes about the trip, and his mother's stiffness on the trail.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0018
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret describes in great detail the pack trail near Hazelton which was laid out by ex-Governor Dewdney from the goldfields of Babine Lake, through Fort St. James to Manson Creek; including reasons why the trail follows the course it does. Mr. Starret discusses the details surrounding C.V. Smith's trading post at Babine Village including details about local Indians and living conditions. He describes the log house in which the trading post was located and its furniture. Mr. Starret tells a story of the mail carrier Jim Williams who worked at the Babine Hatchery, whose wife lived in Babine Village; and a gift he bought her of a musical clock, and a story of her giving birth to a child which died two days later. Mr. Starret discusses Williams' reaction and the reaction of others in the community. Mr. Starret continues with more on his uncle's trading post and a night when an Indian spent the night with Smith and Mr. Starret's Aunt Agnes. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret discusses Carrier Indians in the Hazelton/Babine region and their church attendance. A church bell would ring and wherever anyone was, they would take off their hats and pray, and then resume work. Mr. Starret discusses the hygiene of the Indians and their living conditions. Mr. Starret describes C.V. Smith including his character and habits with the use of anecdotes. Mr. Starret believes that Smith's stubbornness was what made him successful; and he was a religious man who attended church. Mr. Starret discusses his own reasons for not attending church. Mr. Starret describes Smith's physical appearance including his posture, he always wore a Stetson hat and he would never drink. Mr. Starret describes his aunt Agnes Smith whose father was a coal miner also named Smith. Mr. Starret describes his cousin Clara Smith who was born at Moodyville and offers some stories about her. More on his uncle and how children did not like him. Mr. Starret offers his first impressions of Father Nicholas.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0019
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret offers his impressions of the Carrier Indians as he knew them in the early 1900s: their concentration skills and the ways in which they were brought up, Father Coccola sermonizing; about pre-marital relations, eating in church, religion and superstition. Mr. Starret offers several anecdotes about Father Coccola's interactions with Indians and a story about Father Dominic of Babine Lake who was an Indian that learned commerce from white men. Mr. Starret tells a story about the Father asking Indians "what hell is". Mr. Starret tells a story of Coccola as a young man who never thought he would be a priest, and stories about his old age. The Indian congregations at church in Babine and Stuart Lakes, the men and women sat separately. The Babine tribe consisted of two hundred and twenty-five people at that time and he discusses his feelings about Babine and Fort Connolly. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret describes his daily life at Babine Post: he begins with someone coming into the store to buy sugar and daily chores before getting into specifics such as an interaction with an Indian who tried to cheat him, another story about an Indian woman who came into the store with Hudson's Bay coupons, trading posts, Fort Thompson and the three families there. Mr. Starret relates tall stories as told to him by Eli Ferguson, who was an old timer who had several jobs and skills: an amusing tale about a time before horses were used, when people used oxen to pull yokes. There was a man plowing one morning with a side hill plow but the story is cut short.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0020
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret describes Fort St. James upon his arrival by canoe: the riverbank, the Hudson's Bay post, the layout of the town, a description of the houses and a few characters there, where the Indians lived in a place called the Rancherie, there was always one priest there. Mr. Starret discusses Father Coccola and his journeys all over the province. Mr. Starret describes his first trip into the Bulkley Valley to Round Lake in April 1911, to survey property for his uncle; including the landscape and characters he encountered. Mr. Starret describes his journey to Ootsa Lake in 1917 to buy fur at the time when Indians were bringing in beaver, including traveling with Father Coccola and having to borrow $2,000.00 from his uncle. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret tells the story of his uncle who wan;ted Martin to acquire Indian artifacts, one such artifact was Qua's dagger. Mr. Starret describes who Qua was. Mr. Starret tells the story of Sir James Douglas and his relations with the native people. The natives were upset about how he treated them. Douglas was sent to Stuart Lake to be an apprentice to the factor from an eastern post. During the factor's absence, there was trouble between the Indians and white people over the apprehension of a murderer. Eventually Douglas became Sir James Douglas, Governor of British Columbia. The natives became upset with the prices of goods which the Hudson's Bay Post supplied once the goods were shipped by steamboat. Mr. Starret discusses the value and quality of a variety of Hudson's Bay goods and trade with the Indians.

CALL NUMBER: T0399:0021
RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-]
SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Starret discusses his belief that Carrier Indians always trusted the priests. Mr. Starret never heard anything negative said by the Carrier Indians about the Church until World War I, when there was a disagreement about discipline. Mr. Starret offers some anecdotes which offer insight into the relationship between the Indians and priests. Mr. Starret discusses and sings a song by A.J. Hamilton which came about around the time of WWI about home-brewed alcohol. Mr. Starret offers his final feelings about the country including the way he would like to remember it such as paddling along in a canoe at night and hearing a loon call. Mr. Starret discusses the attitude of the Indians that all white men are rich. Mr. Starret discusses the attitudes of people in the past as compared to people at the time of the interview. Mr. Starret tells a story of an Indian who was unjustly punished named Francis Prince who was ostracized by the community. There were no white men who were Catholics in the area but Indians were. Mr. Starret believes that priests were fair legal advisors who did not necessarily give favour to white men over Indians. TRACK 2: Mr. Starret offers his opinions on British Columbia and how it is not really a part of Canada. He feels that there is a division at the Rockies and that Americans are like cousins as their money has helped develop Canada. Mr. Starret discusses free trade and his view that British Columbia's way of doing things is the best and he thinks that the Government in BC is the best at the date of this taping. Mr. Orchard and Mr. Starret discuss politics. Mr. Starret prefers working outdoors and he always recognized himself as a Canadian, yet when he first took up land, he had to do it as a British subject, people were not recognized as Canadians in those days. Mrs. Starret, born 1904, describes her life as her father moved from Ontario in 1918 to Burns Lake. She describes her views of Canada and BC as a part of Canada.

This series consists of records of the Aleza Lake Experiment Station. Records include correspondence relating to silviculture, forest fires, forestry research, forest biology, timber cruising, timber scaling, and forest surveys; nursery project reports; scalers' notebooks; meteorological records, 1952-1963; records relating to the Youth Forestry Training Plan, 1938-1940, the High School Summer Employment Plan, 1952-1953, and the Canadian Institute of Forestry Conference, Prince George, 1959; correspondence regarding sawmills and planer mills in the Prince George Forest District, 1961, and a ledger, 1952-1954.

The records include: diaries, field books, scrapbooks and subject files containing notes and correspondence covering Swannell's career as a surveyor in Northern British Columbia, his army service in the First World War in Europe and Russia and his later travels in British Columbia, Europe and Asia. The diaries and field books are profusely illustrated with photos.

The file consists of the reminiscences of Arthur Shelford, a Wistaria farmer. Mr. Shelford emigrated to Canada in 1908 and settled at Ootsa Lake. He served overseas in World War I and then returned to his farm at Ootsa Lake where he remained until he retired to Victoria in 1966. Vol. 2 is a corrected and expanded version.

SUMMARY: This is probably the original tape of the Hankin interview, from which the preservation master (described under T1233:0001) was made.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): F. Arthur Hankin : some memories of the Hazelton area before 1900 PERIOD COVERED: 1866-1900 RECORDED: Hazelton (B.C.), 1966 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Arthur Hankin describes an excursion from the Hazelton area to the Omineca on a Grand Trunk Pacific survey crew; an incident involving Indian mental telepathy; Fort McLeod; Billy Ware, a Hudson's Bay Company factor; R.E. Loring (Mr. Hankin's stepfather), the Indian agent at Hazelton and an ertist; Hazelton before 1900; the first steamboat to arrived in Hazelton, the "Caledonia" (1891); Indians in the area; his father, Thomas Hankin, who established Hazelton; the first packers; the packer Jean Caux, known as Cataline; the trail to Babine; fur trade; Thomas Hankin; John Dorsey; Gabriel; LeCroix; Hankin's mother, Margaret McCall (sp?) of Fort Victoria. [TRACK 2: blank.]

A report concerning bridges on the Fort St. James - Germansen Lake Road showing structural details and costs. Includes correspondence, drawings, and photographs. File 0244224. Photographs transferred to Visual Records, Accession no. 198605-002.

This series consists of records of the Land Inspector and Government Agent, Prince George, relating to government land reserves in Cariboo, Cassiar, Range 4 and Range 5 Land Districts. Correspondence, memoranda, plans, and reports concerning recreation, highway, B.C. Forest Service, railway, school and power line reserves.