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The item is an audio recording of an interview with Dora Kloss in 1974.
T0539:0001 track 1: Dora Kloss describes Vancouver Island logging camp life and conditions, 1934-1974. She discusses: Nahmint Bay logging camp, ca. 1934; strike at Nahmint Bay, 1934; union activity of loggers, and the company's reaction, 1930s; life in the Salmon River logging camp; unemployed loggers, 1930s; logger transience and its effect on family life; the problem of schooling.
T0539:0001 track 2: Mrs. Kloss discusses B.C. coastal transportation and travel (Union Steamships), 1930s and 1940s; medical problems and illness in isolated logging camps, 1934-1945; loggers' vacations and recreation; moving to Englewood, 1946-1947; housing facilities in Englewood, 1947. Englewood camp life (continued): installation of electrical power, 1948; ordering groceries and mail order shopping, 1940s; steamship arrivals and freight rates; health care in Alert Bay, 1946. Social life for women: the Women's Institute.

T0539:0002 track 1: Mrs. Kloss discusses women's lives in logging camps, 1940s; homemaking and gardening in Sayward and Englewood, 1939-1948; move to Nimpkish, 1957; activities of the Women's Institute at Nimpkish, 1940s. Life in the Englewood area, 1946-1974.

The item is an audio recording of an interview with Thomas Windt in 1976.
T0454:0001 track 1: Mr. Windt discusses family background: father came to B.C. from Ontario in 1898; brought family to Pavilion in 1902; family background; settling the family ranch after 1902. Windt's early schooling. Food and supplies. Economic conditions of the family farm. Anecdotes about the Cariboo Road. Brother began freighting on the Cariboo Road in 1907. Description of freighting on the Cariboo Road between Ashcroft and Quesnel.
T0454:0001 track 2: Windt visited the grave of Cataline (Jean Caux) at Old Hazelton. Cataline described. Experiences freighting on the Cariboo Road with wagons and sleighs. Details about wagons, sleighs and horses.

T0454:0002 track 1: Description of freighting on the Cariboo Road. Horse medicine. Steamers on the Fraser River between Soda Creek and Quesnel. Anecdotes about local policeman, Dave Anderson. Canoe travel on the Fraser River. More about freighting on the Cariboo Road. Anecdotes about Charlie Ross of Soda Creek. Other anecdotes about local characters.
T0454:0002 track 2: Windt worked at Antler Creek (near Barkerville), 1924-28. Techniques of working with a dredge described. During the Depression, Windt mined gold on the Fraser River. Chinese along the Fraser described. Comments about the changes in the Indigenous population.

T0454:0003 track 1: Freighters on the Cariboo Road described. In response to a list of former freight drivers on the Cariboo Road, Mr. Windt describes them and relates anecdotes and stories about freighting, freighters A - G.
T0454:0003 track 2: freighters G - Z.

The item is an audio recording of an interview with Gilbert Forbes in 1976.
T0330:0001 track 1: Mr. Forbes discusses his background: born in 1889 at 100 Mile House; father was a rancher; moved to 122 Mile (Lac La Hache) in 1893; family ran the 122 Mile House as a ranch and a stopping house on the Cariboo road. The operation of a stopping house. School. Worked for Bank of British North America in Ashcroft, ca. 1906-08. Worked with Frank Swannell survey party, 1908. Experiences while working with Swannell in Nechako region. T0330:0001 track 2: More about surveying with Swannell. Worked on mining construction, 1909-10. Mining camp conditions. Trip to South America, 1912-13. Anecdotes about Forbes' trip in Argentina, Bermuda and the United States and his return to Lac La Hache, 1913. Anecdote about the death of "Bugs" at Lac La Hache, 1906.

T0330:0002 track 1: Worked on his father's ranch at 122 Mile House, 1913-22. Freight hauling on the Cariboo Road declines after 1919. Worked at Cedar Creek gold mine, 1922-23. Gold mining in the Cariboo region. Ranched and had a trap line during the Depression. Building with logs. Ranched during the 1940s.
T0330:0002 track 2: Brief account of activities in 1950s. Early freighters on the Cariboo Road described. Anecdotes about the teamsters on the Cariboo Road. Anecdotes about gambling. Preachers. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T2665:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Personal background and the Great Depression PERIOD COVERED: 1916-1937 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-04 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Born in 1916 in the Peace River country of Alberta. Details about Kiernan's family and homesteading. Father killed in WW I; mother remarries and they continue to farm. Left Peace River country in 1927. After several stops, settled on a farm at Sumas Prairie. More details about Kiernan's family. Tough economic conditions in the Peace River district. Kiernan's education and work history to 1935. Ends formal education after grade 8. Reading habits as a young man. TRACK 2: Took correspondence courses from the Canadian Legion. Leisure activities as a youth: Trail Rangers and basketball. Delivered newspapers in Chilliwack area. "Rode the rods" to the Prairies in 1935. Economic struggles of Alberta and Saskatchewan, 1935-37. Returned to B.C. on the rods in October 1937. Anecdotes about riding the rods. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Life during the 1930s Depression and World War II PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1948 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-04 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Continuation of anecdote about riding the rods, 1935-37. Marginal economic circumstances of the Kiernan family during the Depression. Worked in Fraser Valley mills. Contracted pneumonia. Worked for Eddy's Nurseries, 1937-40. Joined the New Westminster Regiment, 1940. Interested in Social Credit in Alberta, 1935-37, but not a member. Read works of Marx but rejected them in the 1930s. Critique of Marx and of Canadian economic system in the 1930s. TRACK 2: Kiernan in motorized corps in Canada, 1940-46. Eventually became a Warrant Officer II. Not able to go overseas because of previous pneumonia. Comments on military discipline. Kiernan into business as a garage operator near Chilliwack, 1946. Flooded out in 1948. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Fraser River flood of 1948 and the 1952 provincial election PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kiernan describes his experiences in being flooded out during the 1948 flood of Fraser River. Description of his return to the flooded home and service station. Becomes president of local PTA in 1950. Joined Social Credit in 1951. Comments on the Coalition government. Comments on Coalition/Liberal Premier Boss Johnson and Conservative leader Herbert Anscomb. TRACK 2: Kiernan becomes very active as a Social Credit organizer, 1951-52. Kiernan takes 1952 Social Credit nomination. Organizational details about Social Credit in Chilliwack. Early meetings emphasized monetary reform. The "Christian image" of Social Credit. The importance of individualism in Social Credit. General discussion of political philosophy. Liberals and Conservatives unaware of the upsurge of Social Credit in Chilliwack. Circumstances under which Kiernan took 1952 nomination. Defeated sitting Conservative Leslie Eyres. Key roles of Alberta Socreds in 1952 election. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Social Credit comes to power : 1952 election PERIOD COVERED: 1952-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The importance of W.A.C. Bennett in the 1952 election. Kiernan says Alberta influence was minimal ca. 1952. 1952 Social Credit convention. Ernest Hansell as 1952 campaign leader. Bennett disillusioned with Conservatives. Kiernan sometimes "scared" by the vision of W.A.C. Bennett in things such as the two-river policy. Kiernan gives a sample of his 1952 election style. TRACK 2: Kiernan's experiences as a public speaker. The hard work of political campaigning. Description of Social Credit cabinet meetings. Kiernan's recollections of election night in 1952. Kiernan went to visit Bennett in Kelowna shortly after 1952 election. The decision is made to have W.A.C. Bennett as political leader, July 1952. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): British Columbia's first Social Credit government, 1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1952-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-07-06 & 1977-09-13 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kiernan is selected to be Agriculture Minister in the first Social Credit government. Anecdotes about becoming government. Comments on the Bennett style of leadership. The formation of the first cabinet. Kiernan speculates on the reasons for his selection as Minister of Agriculture. Comments on communist scare tactics used against the C.C.F. Socialist economic planning inappropriate for B.C. Problems with the dairy industry were the first big problems faced by Kiernan in the Agriculture portfolio. TRACK 2: The transition to power: early cabinet meetings, help from senior civil servants. Cabinet procedures. The selection of Robert Bonner and Einar Gunderson. Rev. H.D. Francis and Orr Newton resign in order to provide seats. Kiernan downplays the notion that the senior civil service opposed the new government. The firing of Percy Richards. Hospital insurance reforms after the 1952 election. Alternatives to hospital insurance proposed. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Minister of Agriculture PERIOD COVERED: 1952-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-13 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Facing the problem of hospital insurance after the 1952 election. Building the cabinet team, 1952-53. Discussion of the 1953 session of the Legislature. Socreds maneuvering for defeat? Bennett sure of dissolution? The legislative defeat of Social Credit and the unusual passage of bills prior to dissolution. The "atmosphere" in the House at the time of the 1953 defeat. The resignation of Harold Winch as C.C.F. leader. The 1953 election. TRACK 2: Discussion of the 1953 election continued. The defeat of Tilly Rolston and Einar Gunderson. Their importance as cabinet ministers. Gunderson as a member of the Treasury Board. The election of John Perdue as president of the Social Credit League. Issues within the Department of Agriculture: brucellosis control, irrigation, hay shortages. Comments on W.H. Robertson and William McGillivray as Kiernan's deputy ministers. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0007 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Sommers affair PERIOD COVERED: 1952-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-13 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kiernan gives background to the Sommers affair. Comments on Gordon Gibson Sr. The "money talks" speech, February 1955. Gibson's charges not substantiated by the Lord Commission. Gibson's charges treated with great skepticism. Kiernan did not see the RCMP report to the Attorney-General's Department. The government has private investigator investigate the charges against Sommers. Sommers a known gambler to Kiernan. TRACK 2: More on Sommers' gambling. No pressure from ministers on Bennett to fire Sommers. Sommers called on to account for the allegations by cabinet and caucus. Sommers consistent in his denials. Circumstances surrounding the resignation of Bonner. Kiernan becomes Minister of Mines. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0008 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Sommers case and Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources, 1956-1964 PERIOD COVERED: 1953-1964 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-26 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Death of Tilly Rolston, 1953. Discussion of Sommers case, continued. Opposition to Forest Management Licences. Sommers' resignation and Kiernan takes over the Mines portfolio, 1956. Robert Bonner and delays in the case. Comments on Mel Bryan who crossed the floor on the Sommers case. More on the delays. Sommers case harms Social Credit government. Kiernan expresses doubts about the guilt and illegal intentions of Sommers. Case did not affect timing of 1956 election. Not aware of Sommers' cabinet contact. TRACK 2: No suggestion of impropriety by Sommers in the Mines portfolio. Gifts to cabinet ministers. Sommers investigated by private detective. Kiernan's general observations on the Sommers case. "Politics is war". Kiernan Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources, 1956-64. The challenge of taking over a new portfolio. Comments on Deputy Ministers of Mines: John Walker, P.J. Mulcahy. The framing of new petroleum legislation. Comments on the B.C. petroleum and gas industry.; CALL NUMBER: T2665:0009 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Minister of Mines and Petroleum Resources, 1956-1964 PERIOD COVERED: 1945-1964 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-26 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The development of oil and natural gas leasing systems. Development of the Peace River region. The building of Westcoast Transmission pipeline. Description of Frank McMahon. Comments on foreign ownership of petroleum and natural gas resources. Description of the auction of oil and natural gas leases. TRACK 2: The auction system continued. Frank McMahon in the 1960 election. Anecdotes about some B.C. mining executives: Ozzie McDonald, Spud Huestis, Mel O'Brien. The opening of Bethlehem Copper Corporation mine in the Highland Valley. Changes in mining taxation and land tenure systems, c. 1957. Problems of establishing an iron and steel industry in B.C. Vehement industry opposition to changes in mining legislation. CALL NUMBER: T2665:0010 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Mines and Petroleum Resources, and Recreation and Conservation, 1956-1972 PERIOD COVERED: 1956-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-26 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Major problems faced as mines minister: taxation legislation, departmental expansion, mine safety. Dispute with federal government over offshore mineral rights. "Political" decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on this issue. The reclamation of mining sites. Kiernan expresses his opposition to the idea of company towns. Taxation on profits vs. royalties in the mining industry. Kiernan concerned about "penny mines" on the Vancouver Stock Exchange. TRACK 2: The formation of the Department of Recreation and Conservation, 1957. Kiernan becomes Minister of Recreation and Conservation, 1963. Anomalies in the classification of provincial parks. Mineral claims and timber leases in provincial parks. The case of Western Mines in Strathcona Park. The role of pressure groups in the Buttle Lake controversy. Preparation for his new portfolio of Recreation and Conservation. General comments on park development in B.C.; CALL NUMBER: T2665:0011 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Minister of Recreation and Conservation PERIOD COVERED: 1964-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Skepticism about the idea of wilderness preservation. The illogic of some park boundaries. The changing of the boundary of Manning Park to facilitate mining. Kiernan's ideas on the multiple use concept. Kiernan's impressions of the B.C. Wildlife Federation, SPEC, Sierra Club. The role of the Sierra Club in the boundary determinations for Pacific Rim National Park. TRACK 2: More on the Sierra Club of B.C. W.A.C. Bennett's attitudes on park matters. Public access on forestry roads. The formation of the Environment and Land Use Committee (ELUC) in 1969. Comments on the operation of ELUC and the Secretariat. ELUC originally a problem-solver rather than policy-maker. Comments on a few specific issues dealt with by ELUC. Kiernan not convinced of the concept of a single Minister of the Environment. Williston as chairman of ELUC. Land use questions more practical than moral or ethical. "Nature the adversary". The evolution of environmental attitudes in B.C. The minister as an arbitrator of attitudes.; CALL NUMBER: T2665:0012 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Environmental and economic issues PERIOD COVERED: 1964-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-09-27 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kiernan's efforts to curb the excesses of the "throw-away" society. The Anti-Litter Act. The recycling of derelict automobiles. Deputy Ministers of Recreation and Conservation: Dave Turner, H.G. McWilliams, Lloyd Brooks. Comments on the proposed flooding of the Skagit River Valley. Opposition by the fishing lobby. Benefits of flood control on the Fraser River. TRACK 2: Flood control on the Fraser River continued. More comments on the fishing lobby. The benefits of fish versus the benefits of hydro power and flood control. Short term as Minister of Commercial Transport, 1963-64. Minister of Travel Industry, 1967-1972. The formation of the department, 1967. Ron Worley as Deputy Minister of the Travel Industry department. British Columbia tourist promotions. Comments on "The Wonderful World of W.A.C. Bennett". Kiernan's comments on our political society. Comments on the role of socialism in B.C. B.C. still in the frontier stage. General comments on the NDP caucus prior to 1972. Analysis of the B.C. economy. The need for new hydro electric power developments in B.C.

CALL NUMBER: T3998:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Robert Steve Brodie RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1982-11-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Robert "Steve" Brodie comments on protest marches during the Depression, including the Vancouver Post Office sit-down. 500 single unemployed travelled to Victoria on June 19, 1938. Recruiting extra Provincial Police to handle protest. Possibilities of action by single unemployed in Victoria at time of the Vancouver Post Office eviction. Reasons for Vancouver Post Office eviction of June 19, 1938. Communist Party of Canada and Post Office sitdowners. Relationship of Brodie to Communist Party. Infiltration of single unemployed by RCMP. Brodie's view of the law and the sitdowners. Brodie and Col. Hill, Sunday morning June 19, 1938. Single unemployed travelling to Victoria via Nanaimo. Victoria soup kitchen and abandoned hotels. Possible attempt to occupy Empress Hotel. Single unemployed move to Beacon Hill Park, then back to hotels. Philosophy of opposing bureaucracy. Thoughts on poverty. "Robin Hoodism" and the Communist Party. Anti-war feelings of the 1930s and the Bolshevik Revolution. "Class" in Canada. TRACK 2: Sitdowners after moving back to hotels. Colin Cameron's part in the settlement. Firefighting by the single unemployed. Christmas money earned by firefighting. Sabotage on the fireline. Attorney General Wismer's reaction. Newspaper views of the incident. Hutchinson and the Regina Riot (Detective Miller's death). Saskatoon Riot and Inspector Sampson. Civil service towns and single unemployed. Women's emergency committee. Dr. Mitchell and his wife. Business community appeals to Ottawa for works program. Doctors admit fake birth (death) certificates. Bridge River incident and birth fatality. Warden Owen of Oakalla jail. Police Chief Anderson of Kamloops and sick man.

CALL NUMBER: T3998:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Robert Steve Brodie RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1982-11-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Steve Brodie discusses the Vancouver law court procedure and the unemployed. Victoria police and the unemployed. Vancouver police expert in Communism. Vancouver lawyer, Adam Smith-Johnson. Trial of men after the Post Office eviction. Provincial rights of travelling unemployed. Scam on railway tickets. Agreement for single unemployed not to return to B.C. for a year. Smith Johnson again. Comments on: Rev. Bob Matheson, Rev. Clem Davis, Rev. Andy Roddan, and Harold Winch and the Art Gallery eviction. Brodie's theory of the cure for unemployment. Brodie and Bishop Sexton. Dean Whitlow preaching against the unemployed. Radio on the prairie -- church services. TRACK 2: Radio church services. Church aid and attitude to the unemployed. Archbishop Duke (R.C.). Comments by Duke, Roddan, and McIntyre and the reaction of the unemployed. Brodie's orange sweater. Single unemployed women. Block committees. Stealing milk for the baby. Evictions and block committee help. Story of Scottish lady's eviction and result. Single unemployed women. Failure to organise single unemployed women. Accusations of boy and girl found in a boxcar. Frozen transients in boxcar. Brodie's theories of economics and unemployment. Administration of Royal Twenty Cent-ers.

CALL NUMBER: T3288:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Family background and early political recollections, 1914-1940 PERIOD COVERED: 1914-1940 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-10 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Harding discusses his family background and his childhood in Silverton. Discussion of transportation systems in the Slocan area. Description of community life in Silverton: prostitution, religion, entertainment. Early political interests: first contact with socialism during the 1930s Depression. TRACK 2: Effects of the Depression on the Harding family and on Silverton. Discussion of Harding's move to Vancouver, 1931, and conditions in Vancouver. Discusses reasons for becoming a teacher. Attends normal school in Vancouver; gets post at Burton; conditions at Burton. C.C.F. influences on Harding: George Doughty, George Walton (1933 C.C.F. provincial candidate in Kaslo-Slocan), Joe Grey (and his role in converting Bert Herridge to the C.C.F.). Early recollections of Bert Herridge. Harding becomes actively involved in Kaslo-Slocan C.C.F. despite approaches from the Liberals and Conservatives. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Early political involvement and World War II, 1935-1945 PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1945 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-10 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Recollections of early political meetings: Gerry McGeer, Grant MacNeil, Colin Cameron, Grace MacInnis. Harding becomes increasingly involved in Kaslo-Slocan C.C.F. Effect of Coalition government on the C.C.F. in Kaslo-Slocan (particularly in relation to the 1945 provincial election). Recollections of 1935 federal election: Herridge runs for C.C.F. Comments regarding the nature of the C.C.F. in the West Kootenay area: factionalism, etc (effects of Connell split). The 1937 provincial election: Herridge runs again. Comments on the emergence of the Social Credit movement in the region. Economic conditions in Kaslo-Slocan during the late thirties. Problems relating to being a teacher while being politically active in C.C.F. Involvement in B.C. Teachers' Federation. World War II: enlists (1944) TRACK 2: More on WW II: C.C.F. position on the war; conscription; politics within the army; Harding's wife dies; returns to Kootenays. Background on Herridge's split from the C.C.F. and Harding's involvement in the controversy: 1940 federal election, 1941 provincial election (Herridge runs in Rossland-Trail). Aside on Japanese internment during the war: C.C.F. position, political backlash, Japanese camps in the Slocan Valley, discrimination against Japanese. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The 1945 provincial election campaign PERIOD COVERED: 1945-1945 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-10 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The 1945 provincial election (and more on Harding's involvement in the Herridge controversy): Harding decides to run, nominating convention, campaign, effect of Herridge controversy on campaign, nature of the campaign (style, tactics). TRACK 2: More on the 1945 campaign in Kaslo-Slocan. Recollections of election victory and election eve. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The 1945 campaign aftermath and first legislating experiences PERIOD COVERED: 1945-1949 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: More comments on the 1945 campaign and aftermath. Harding elected president of West Kootenay C.C.F. Association (November 1945). Harding helps resolve financial difficulties between C.C.F. and People's C.C.F. Helps gets Herridge reinstated in C.C.F. Comments on charges linking Herridge with communists. Harding describes his first impressions of the Legislature, first session and maiden speech. TRACK 2: First legislative speeches (cont'd): speech-making (Harold Winch, Bert Gargrave, Gordon Wismer, Ernest Carson, Joe Corsbie); description of Premier John Hart; accessibility of Coalition cabinet ministers; description of C.C.F. caucus; discussion regarding the role of the Legislature and of legislators. Recollections of first term as MLA: sales tax issue; public power issue (rural electrification); resignation of W.A.C. Bennett to run in Yale by-election, 1948 (Harding works in by-election against Bennett); public insurance issue. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): First Term as an MLA and 1949 provincial election, 1946-1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1946-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: First term as an MLA (cont'd): advocates liberalizing Canadian divorce laws; caucus revolt against Harold Winch; recollections of Ernie Winch; changes in personal life, life as an MLA, marries Frances. Comments on rightward drift of C.C.F. TRACK 2: Mr. Harding discusses 1949 provincial election: the provincial and Kaslo-Slocan campaigns, issues of campaign, Communist scare tactics, the Japanese vote. 1950-52 legislative sessions: rifts in Coalition and Premier Byron Johnson. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Legislative work and the 1952 provincial election, 1952-1953 PERIOD COVERED: 1950-1953 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: 1950-1952 legislative sessions (cont'd): more on rifts in the Coalition ranks; preferential ballot; manoeuvres of W.A.C. Bennett -- crossing the floor; hospital insurance issue; sales tax issue; break-up of Coalition. Local issues: Celgar pulp project (background on forest management situation in B.C.); Dr. Stephen Norwell controversy. TRACK 2: Local issues (cont'd): highway work (Kaslo-Lardeau Road); patronage. 1952 provincial election: rise of Social Credit League; effect of preferential ballot; Harding attends nomination meeting in Rossland-Trail; hospital insurance and sales tax; Kaslo-Slocan campaign; reaction to Social Credit victory (abortive attempt to get recount in Vancouver Burrard). 1952 by-elections. 1953 session: Rolston Formula, J. Allan Reid speech. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0007 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): 1953 provincial election and 1953-56 sessions PERIOD COVERED: 1953-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-07-11 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: 1953 session (cont'd): more on J. Allan Reid speech; impressions of Social Credit government; W.A.C. Bennett; more on the Rolston Formula. Controversy regarding Winch's leadership and his wishes to be named Premier (following Social Credit defeat in the Legislature). Winch resigns. Webster becomes leader (Harding declines). Reflects on the role of a leader in British Columbia. Comments on Arnold Webster. TRACK 2: 1953 provincial election: W.A.C. Bennett; Kaslo-Slocan campaign; Webster; preferential ballot. 1953-56 legislative sessions: hospital insurance changes; legislation by exhaustion; Kaiser Dam proposal (and Mica Dam and Columbia River Treaty); Social Credit fiscal policy; Gordon Gibson Sr. resigns over allegations regarding forestry practices; the Sommers case. CALL NUMBER: T3288:0008 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Sommers case, W.A.C. Bennett, and C.C.F. leadership, 1953-1956 PERIOD COVERED: 1953-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-[07-11] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The Sommers case (cont'd). W.A.C. Bennett and his government (general comments). Harding advocates pay increases for civil service and politicians. Webster resigns as leader -- Strachan runs for and wins leadership. Caucus's role in influencing the party regarding the question of leadership. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T1802:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Lindsay Carter : Slocan Valley, 1918-1945 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Carter discusses his childhood: born in Kimberley, B.C. in 1906; moved to Silverton in 1918 with family; effects of influenza epidemic of 1918 on town of Silverton; father worked in mines; silicosis and other lung problems with mining; Mr. Carter's father affected by silicosis, 1943; poor attitude on the part of companies and Workmen's Compensation Board; anecdote about silicosis; family moved to Summit Lake logging camp, 1920. Details about camp life: housing; school; description of logging operations -- pole cutting, railroad, chutes; description of log chute, logging camp, bunkhouse, cookhouse. Forest fire of July, 1925; reports of major early fire, ca. 1870. Most loggers were Scandinavians. Location of other sawmills in Slocan Valley. TRACK 2: Moved to Sandon, 1922. Train and boat schedules, ca. 1925. Railroad accident near Sandon. CPR operated boats on Slocan Lake. Description of S.S. "Slocan", S.S. "Sandon", S.S. "Roseberry". Transportation into Sandon. Stores in Sandon. Trip down Slocan Lake in winter of 1929. Carter ended formal education after grade 8. Mining and mines near Sandon in 1920s and 1930s. Depression in Sandon: Carter on relief during Depression. Origin of miners: eastern Canada, Norway, Italy, Finland and others. Anti-Orientalism in Sandon. Japanese lived in Sandon during WW II. Bunkhouse conditions and anecdotes; cookhouse work and anecdotes.

CALL NUMBER: T1802:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Slocan Mines, 1920s and 1930s RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-01-10 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Carter's work history, 1920s: description of a concentrator and its operation especially the Noble Five concentrator, Cody, B.C; the jobs in a concentrator plant; shifts and hours of work; a major breakdown described, 1930; more on hours of work. TRACK 2: More on Carter's work history: attitudes towards work in a concentrator mill; unpleasant and unhealthy environment in concentrator mill and mines; more on work attitudes; long hours and lack of holidays; social life of miners -- drinking, prostitutes, pool halls, movies, fraternal orders, clubs; Carter a member of Orange Lodge in Sandon; operation of Orange Lodge; role of churches in Sandon; differences between miners and merchants; local government in Sandon; 1929 murder [of miner Sigvald Myklebost] described.

CALL NUMBER: T1802:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Great Depression of the 1930s RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-01-30 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Sandon continues the story about the 1929 [Myklebost] murder. Describes Johnny Harris: businessman, character of Sandon. Anecdotes about Johnny Harris. White family described. Silversmith Mine. Sandon prospectors described. Grub stake arrangements. Prospecting. Permanence of Sandon. TRACK 2: Demise of the Sandon Hospital in the 1930s. Questionable practices of the B.C. Security Commission during WW II. The Depression in Sandon and Carter's experiences on relief. "On the tramp" in southeastern B.C.

CALL NUMBER: T1802:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Mining in the West Kootenays and the Great Depression of the 1930s RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-02-04 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The Great Depression of the 1930s and its effect on Sandon, B.C. The sluggish economic recovery of Sandon during and after WW II. Description of poor working conditions underground. Sandon's hotels. Prostitutes in Sandon. Anecdote about "Big Al" Holmquist. Problems with alcohol among miners. Economic problems of living in Sandon. [TRACK 2: blank; end of interview.]

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Family life and early manhood PERIOD COVERED: 1913-1938 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-04-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. L.J. Wallace recalls his early life at the William Head Quarantine Station, B.C. Born April 24, 1913. Siblings: Robert, Mary and Jack. Father was Chief Steward at Quarantine Station. Discussion of Wallace's forebears, mainly in the Metchosin area. Family to Victoria in 1916. Father's occupations. Father on Victoria School Board prior to death in 1938. Anecdote about great-great-grandmother, Granny Vine, of Metchosin. Genealogy of wife's (Lois Inata Leeming) family. Married 1942. Discussion of Wallace's siblings. All trained as educators. Active in First Presbyterian (later First United) Church. Church basketball in Victoria in 1920s. Victoria Normal School, 1931-32. Taught at Alberni Indian Residential School, 1933-36. Schooling: Bank Street School, George Jay School, Victoria; High School. TRACK 2: More on Victoria High School in 1920s: Ira Dilworth, Harry Smith, Bill Roper and other teachers. Wallace not a "recreational" reader. Admirer of Rev. Bruce Gray, Rev. W.G. Wilson, Prof. Walter Gage, William T. Straith, Ira Dilworth and Harry Smith. Part-time and summer jobs. Post-secondary education at Victoria College, Victoria Normal School and University of British Columbia. Graduated B.A., 1938 in history and mathematics. Master of Education from University of Washington 1946-47. Victoria College in the early 1930s. UBC, 1936-38. Member of Psi Upsilon fraternity. More on Alberni Indian Residential School.;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Early teaching career and the Royal Canadian Navy PERIOD COVERED: ca. 1920-1946 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-04-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. L.J. Wallace tells of his parents' education. Father a member of Victoria School Board. Father prominent member of Masons and Orange Lodge. Wallace graduated UBC 1938. Taught at Duncan High School, 1938-41. Involvement with co-curricular activities while at DHS. Joined Navy in 1941. Part-time training at Naden, late 1941. Officer training at Royal Roads, 1942. Active Naval Service, beginning April 1942. Married Lois Leeming, April 1942. More on Royal Roads training. Service on RCN corvette, "Ville de Quebec". TRACK 2: More about the new RCN corvette, "Ville De Quebec". Convoy duty out of Halifax, 1942. Transferred to Fairmiles submarine chasers. Caribbean duty based in Miami, 1943. On staff of King's College, Officer training school, Halifax, 1943-45. Taught navigation and "c;ommand" techniques. Commander of training ship "Charney". V-E Day in Halifax, 1945. Wallace has command of the new training ship, "New Liskeard". VJ Day in Lunenburg, N.S. Discharged from RCN in December 1945 with rank of Lieutenant Commander. University of Washington for M.Ed., starting spring 1946. Began teaching at Victoria High School, September 1946. Daughter Marilyn born 1944.;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): World War II and teaching career PERIOD COVERED: 1940-1953 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-04-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Lawrence J. Wallace comments on the cooperative spirit displayed in Canada during World War II. Comments on Wallace's family life during the war (short track, about 5 minutes). TRACK 2: Effects of the Depression on the Wallace family. Wallace's father out of work. Comments on the C.C.F. and Social Credit during the 1930s. Wallace briefly a member of the Liberal Party during the late 1940;s. Father was president of Victoria Liberal Association. Taught at Victoria High School, 1946-53. Basketball at VHS. Founding of the Vancouver Island High School Basketball Championship (short track, about 15 minutes).;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Teaching career and British Columbia public service PERIOD COVERED: 1946-1967 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-04-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Lawrence J. Wallace discusses his career as a teacher at Victoria High School, 1946-53. Wallace the chairman of the project to build Memorial Stadium at VHS. Assistant Director of the summer school for teachers. Unwilling to leave Victoria to become a school administrator. Joins Department of Education as Director of Community Programs Branch, October 1, 1953. Also Director of Adult Education. Wallace's appointment to the Centennial Celebrations Committee in 1955. Ray Williston and Ken Kiernan recommend a Centennial celebration for 1958. No models to follow for the 1958 Centennial. The structure of the Centennial Committee. TRACK 2: More on the structure of the 1958 Centennial Committee. The "matching grants" scheme for community projects. The scheme adopted for the Canadian Centennial in 1967 (short track, about 15 minutes).;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): "Mr. Centennial" PERIOD COVERED: 1958-1971 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-05-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: L.J. Wallace discusses his work on the B.C. Centennial Committees for the Centennials of 1958, 1966-67 and 1971. Visit of HRH Princess Margaret in 1958. Century Sam. More on the 1958 Centenni;al celebrations. Fort Steele Historic Park. TRACK 2: Wallace's assessment of the lasting significance of the Centennial celebrations. Wallace becomes Deputy Provincial Secretary, 1959. Centennial time capsules. Comments on Hon. W.D. Black. The Royal Tours of 1959, 1966, 1967 and 1971. Story of the British Columbia flag.;
C
ALL NUMBER: T3835:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Deputy Provincial Secretary and Deputy to the Premier PERIOD COVERED: 1959-1977 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-05-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: L.J. Wallace describes major changes during his tenure as Deputy Provincial Secretary, 1959-1977. The British Columbia Civil Defence Program. The B.C. Civil Service Commission and the demise ;of "patronage". Wallace's various government appointments. Replaces George E.P. Jones on the Purchasing Commission, 1965. W.A.C. Bennett invites Wallace to become Deputy Premier. Wallace declines but agrees to become "Deputy to the Premier". TRACK 2: Discusses the change of government, 1972. Receives many job offers after defeat of Social Credit government, 1972. More on the 1972 change of government. Wallace asked by "every major party" to run for office. The working relationship between Wallace and W.D. Black. Wallace took cabinet oath, 1972. Wallace's relationship with cabinet. The NDP as ;a new government, 1972.;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0007 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Deputy Provincial Secretary and Deputy to W.A.C. Bennett PERIOD COVERED: 1959-1975 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-07-09 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: L.J. Wallace discusses his working relations with various ministers. After hours and emergency work including tsunami at Port Alberni. Wallace appointed to Purchasing Commission, 1965. Operation of Purchasing Commission. The construction of Heritage Court as a Centennial project in 1967. Delegate to meeting of Colombo Plan, 1969. Peace Arch meeting between Prime Minister Pearson, President Johnson and Premier Bennett. Named to Order of Canada, 1971. More about the provincial elections, 1972 and 1975. TRACK 2: Speculation about W.A.C. Bennett's intentions regarding resignation. Relations between Phil Gaglardi and W.A.C. Bennett. Bennett expected to be succeeded by Leslie Peterson. Succession scenarios. Wallace encouraged to run for public office but declines. Violence incident in ;New Westminster during 1972 cabinet tour. Election night, 1972. W.A.C. Bennett as Leader of the Opposition. W.A.C. Bennett's ideas about his sons in politics. The redistribution commission of 1975.;

CALL NUMBER: T3835:0008 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Agent-General and Deputy Minister to the Premier PERIOD COVERED: 1959-1981 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1981-07-31 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: L.J. Wallace discusses his role on the Capital Improvement District Commission, 1959-77. Electoral Redistribution Commission, 1975. Change in government, December 22, 1975. Appointed Agent-General in London, 1977. Mandate as Agent-General. Made freeman of the City of London, 1978. Pays tribute to wife and family. Comments on growth of bureaucracy. Victoria High School Centennial, 1976. Becomes Deputy Minister to the Premier, 1980. As Deputy, established "Premier's Ministry". TRACK 2: Comments on his terms as deputy to W.A.C. Bennett and W.R. Bennett. The pressures on a premier. Role ;as an administrator versus policy maker. Role of "advisor". Scheduling for the Premier. Comparisons between W.A.C. Bennett and W.R. Bennett. Wallace's views of public service. Comments on attitudes in; the public service. Feels he and his brothers would have been successful in private life as well as public life. Wallace offered position in federal public service. Summary remarks. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T0594:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Ranching in the Chilcotin region PERIOD COVERED: 1891-1940 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Durrell discusses family background: father, Harry Durrell, came to Chilcotin in 1894; after several false starts, began Wineglass Ranch in 1906; father's experiences in establishing the ranch; parents married in 1917; Durrell born in 1919. Chilcotin ranches. Food and supplies in the early part of the century. Telephones. Cattle drives to Williams Lake and Ashcroft. TRACK 2: More on cattle drives. Clothing. Effects of the Depression on the ranchers. Hired help. Local place names. More on hired help. Description of irrigation methods. Irrigation works on the Wineglass Ranch. Education by correspondence. Problems of education in an isolated place. Personal background. CALL NUMBER: T0594:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Chilcotin ranching PERIOD COVERED: 1900-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Durrell describes: working with horses; techniques of harvesting "swamp hay"; changes in game population; more on horses; the seasonal round of work on a Chilcotin ranch; problems of wintering cattle; use of cow dogs; problems of medical attention; use of indigenous herbal remedies; more on dogs; lack of success with sheep in Chilcotin; Gristmille; problems of wintering cattle; law enforcement. TRACK 2: Anecdotes about cattle rustling. Cattle drives to Grand Trunk Pacific Railroad. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T2662:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Earle C. Westwood discusses his early life PERIOD COVERED: 1909-1953 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-05-31 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Earle C. Westwood discusses his early life. He describes his family, their pioneering experiences in the Nanaimo area, his education, and his work as a bank clerk, longshoreman, and millwright assistant. Mentioned in context are Nanaimo, B.C.; Port Alice, B.C.; Britannia High School in Vancouver; Wesley Black. TRACK 2: Earle Westwood discusses the Depression, his return to Nanaimo, his funeral parlour businesses in Nanaimo and Duncan, and his involvement in the Junior Chamber of Commerce, the Nanaimo City Council, and his period as mayor of Nanaimo. He also relates his impressions of; the Coalition government, his early career ambitions, and his organizational membership. Westwood describes his first interests in Social Credit and his first meeting with W.A.C. Bennett. In addition, he discusses the provincial election of 1953. Mentioned in passing are Ernie Carson, George S. Pearson, Byron Johnson, Peter Maffeo, and Lorenzo Giovando. CALL NUMBER: T2662:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Earle C. Westwood discusses his experiences as a cabinet minister PERIOD COVERED: 1956-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-05-31 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Earle C. Westwood discusses the provincial elections of 1953 and 1956 as well as his own election in 1956 and his appointment as Minister of Trade and Industry. Mentioned also are his travels with Premier Bennett in 1954, party platforms in the 1953 and 1956 elections, and his perceptions of his political opponents. He describes his objectives as MLA and cabinet minister and the projects undertaken by the Department of Trade and Industry while it was under his direction. TRACK 2: Earle Westwood discusses the origins and policies of the Department of Recreation and Conservation, the nature of the tourist industry in B.C. during the late 1950s, and the creation of Beautiful B.C. Magazine. He also discusses decision and policy making in his ministry as well as some activities of the B.C. Federation of Fish and Game Clubs. Westwood also relates how his estimates were approved by Treasury Board. CALL NUMBER: T2662:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Earle C. Westwood on his later political life and his period as Agent-General PERIOD COVERED: 1960-1968 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-06-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Earle C. Westwood recalls his days as Minister of Recreation and Conservation, and Commercial Transport. He discusses the provincial election of 1960, the Pacific Northern Railway, and the B.C. government takeovers of the B.C. Electric Co. and the Black Ball ferry fleet. Westwood also discusses northern development and some speculation that B.C. would seek the Winter Olympics. TRACK 2: Earle C. Westwood evaluates the effectiveness of the C.C.F. opposition during his years in office, focusing on the roles of Robert Strachan, Dave Barrett and Leo Nimsick. He also comments on the nature of the Social Credit opposition during the Dave Barrett administration. Westwood recalls the provincial election of 1963 and his retirement from politics. Also discussed are his period as Agent-General, the effects of socialism in Britain and Westwood's travels with W.A.C. Bennett in Europe. CALL NUMBER: T2662:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Earle C. Westwood on his time as Agent-General and his general perception of politics PERIOD COVERED: 1964-1978 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-06-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Earle C. Westwood recalls his travels in Europe with W.A.C. Bennett and his accomplishments as Agent-General. He discusses his activities upon returning to B.C. and comments on his perceptions of various political figures including: Dave Stupich, Leo Nimsick, Tom Uphill, Gordon Gibson, Deane Finlayson, Robert Bonner, Einar Gunderson, Phil Gaglardi, Robert Thompson, and Ronald Worley. Westwood also discusses how cabinet was run during the W.A.C. Bennett years, how policies were developed, and his own relationship with Bennett. TRACK 2: Westwood discusses the relationship between the Social Credit party in B.C. and Social Credit parties in other provinces (Alberta and Quebec) and the relationship with the federal Social Credit party. He also describes his activities before the caucus and his perceptions of W.A.C. Bennett as premier. Also discussed are Westwood's relationship with the press, government-organized group relations, and his perceptions of other political parties. Westwood also comments on the role of government. CALL NUMBER: T2662:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Earle C. Westwood discusses various political and social issues PERIOD COVERED: 1939-1978 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978-06-08 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Earle C. Westwood discusses civil defence in Nanaimo during World War II; all night sessions in the Legislature; his first interests in Social Credit; the Coalition government in B.C.; dominion-provincial relations during his terms in office; the Robert Sommers case; his concept of free enterprise and socialism; his impressions of Lyle Wicks, Eric Martin, and William Chant; proselytizers of the original Social Credit theories; and the current administration of W.R. Bennett. He also discusses California's Proposition 13 and the appeal of Social Credit to British Columbians. TRACK 2: Westwood discusses public reluctance to admit their support for Social Credit; eastern perceptions of Social Credit in B.C.; his meeting with Joey Smallwood; the fishing industry in B.C.; and his former plans for Newcastle Island as Minister of Recreation and Conservation. Westwood completes the interview with a brief account of his present activities.

CALL NUMBER: T3721:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): James Chan : Chinese at work in B.C. : restaurants PERIOD COVERED: 1894-1925 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1980-07-30 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Describes background: born 1894 in China; father came to Canada and worked in laundries; he came to Canada 1910-11 on the Empress of Japan; went to public and Chinese school when first arrived in Victoria; talks of marriage proposals by Chinese Canadian-born women in Victoria; talks of first job as a houseboy in a boarding house. Tells of the 21 day journey of the Empress ship to Canada: living conditions; ship companions; description of boat. Talks of Immigration Building in Victoria. Talks of first impressions of Victoria and the arrangement made by his father to receive him. Description of the Chinese quarters around Victoria and the location of various shops and restaurants, ca. 1910. TRACK 2: Talks of the various personalities in Chinatown around 1910. Talks of going to school after work to learn English. Refers to the cutting of his pigtail before the Chinese revolution, 1911, in China and giving the hair to his mother. Refers to the "Rock Bay incident" where Chinese students were segregated from white students. Description of his living quarters, i.e. living in the "fong" with 20 people on the floor and toilet. Using the baths at the barber shop.

CALL NUMBER: T3721:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): James Chan : Chinese at work in B.C. : restaurants PERIOD COVERED: 1915-1970 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1980-07-30 SUMMARY: Discusses people in the "fong" mostly Lee's, and thus related to his mother. Discusses the factionalism of some Chinese societies, i.e. Chinese Freemasons and the Dartcoon Club, Chan Association and the Toy San Association. Different businesses in Victoria were controlled by certain last names, i.e.. Laundries by Wong's and Mar's; lumbering by Hoi Ping District Chinese. Talks of the big fire and explosion of gas tanks in Victoria. Only four Chinese, between 1910-20, had cars: Lee Mong Kew, Tim Kee, Lim Bang & (?). Talks of labour contract offices in town and personal referral systems for jobs. Discusses the various jobs he had as a cook in restaurants. Anecdote of rivalry between him and the cook "Quan" when he worked in a private residence. Talks of competition and pettiness of some personalities in the restaurant business, and gives a series of examples. Compares wages of restaurant cooks and other occupations Chinese were in. Unionism and Chinese in restaurants: Chinese were closed from the union in the early days. First paid vacation by a restaurant was 1935. Talks of evolution of the mechanization and improvement of equipment in the restaurants. Talks of improvements made after WW II in equipment and working conditions. Working at Work Point Barracks as a cook for the armed forces in the 1960s.

CALL NUMBER: T3721:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): James Chan : Chinese at work in B.C. : restaurants PERIOD COVERED: 1911-1940 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1980-07-30 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Helped train relations and other Chans in the restaurant business. Opened and owned a restaurant, but went broke during Depression. Compares the differences between white owned and Chinese owned restaurants. Worked 7 days a week, and 12 hours a day. Chinese New Year: cooks who worked in private residences demanded 4-5 days off from their employers. Talks of Christianity and his views on religion. Refers to poll tax and road tax collected at work. Talks of the difficulty of educated Chinese who could not get work as professionals before 1949 in Canada. Description of William Head Quarantine Station when the Chinese labour force from China were quarantined en route to France. Worked on the CPR Princess line as cook in 1919. Having clothes tailor-made by Chinese tailors in Victoria. Description of the events/celebrations in Victoria after the August 1911 Revolution in China, and the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association. Vivid description of Dr. Sun Yet Sun during his tour of Victoria, refers to his speech at the Chinese Theatre and Sun's faux pas about "wanting to be king", after the revolution of the Manchus. TRACK 2: Refers to the visit of Kang Yu Wei [Kang Youwei] and his talk at the Empire Reform Association. Speaks of the incident of the murder of a man of Manchu descent after the 1911 Revolution in Victoria Chinatown.

CALL NUMBER: T3721:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): James Chan : Chinese at work in B.C. : restaurants PERIOD COVERED: 1920-1952 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1980-08-13 SUMMARY: Mr. Chan discusses: attending Sunday School at Chinese Mission; Chinese Theatre in Victoria (description of the building and the travelling opera company); description of Chinese women in Victoria and especially references to their dress. Incident of the "Variety" theatre house which would not allow Chinese patrons. Chinese using Chinese dry goods shops as private "banks". Talks of the restaurants; which went broke and employees taking a cut in pay during the Depression. The Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association organized a "soup kitchen" for the Chinese during the Depression. Many Chinese returned to China during the Depression to visit and "wait it out". Apply for family to immigrate to Canada in 1950. Describes difficulty in applying for immigration status because he stayed in China for more than one year during his last visit. Speaks of his friend who learned to fly planes in order to return to China to help the KMT to fight against the Communists. Speaks of the conscription of Chinese-Canadians during WW II. Fundraiser in Victoria by KMT for the internal war in China. Refers to the "swindling and graft" by some members of the Chan Family Association. Information about his family: children and 2 wives. Talks of the after-hours restaurants he ate at after his shift cooking for others.

CALL NUMBER: T3721:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): James Chan : Chinese at work in B.C. : restaurants PERIOD COVERED: 1920-1980 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1980-08-13 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Discusses: gambling in Victoria Chinatown; obtaining work permits at Manpower and Immigration for friends; the difficulty in getting dishwashers in restaurants during WW II. Chinese immigrants borrowing and paying high interest for $500 head tax. Chinese cemetery and the sending of bones back to China. Illegal entry of the Chinese into Canada. Comparison of the Chinese community in Victoria at present and in the past. Settling disputes of Chinese within the Chinese community by family and clan associations. Anecdote of an open fist fight between Kuomingtang Association and the Chinese Freemasons in Victoria. Story of the murder in daylight of a Chinese by a Chinese in Chinatown. TRACK 2: Chinese New Year's celebrations in Victoria's Chinatown. Ching Ming--describes the spring Chinese ceremony of commemorating the dead. His wish for the opportunity for more education. Description of various shops in Chinatown area. Talks of Tim Kee and Lim Bang, two prominent Chinese residents in Victoria. Description of Chinese laundries in Victoria. Chinese working in the fish canneries. Chinese women not encouraged to go to school in Victoria. The disintegration of Chinatown at present. Predicts the future of the New Horizon's Club in the Toy San Association building. (End of interview).

CALL NUMBER: T3720:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Hong Len Jung : Chinese at work in B.C. : shingle mill worker PERIOD COVERED: 1898-1920 RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-06-04 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Describes background: born in Yen Ping, Kwantung, China, 1898; immigrated to Canada 1912 on merchant's visa. Description of voyage to Canada on Empress of India: living conditions, food, fellow passengers, gambling on board, staff sell "black-market" food. Description of Immigration Building in Vancouver: detention in the building for one month, "graft" by Chinese interpreter. Stayed with father in Nanaimo, where his father owned large dry goods grocery store. Went to public school for 3 months but his father removed him from the school because he was worried Hong Len would not return to China if he had too much education. Work as a houseboy in Shawnigan Lake District. Father sold business in Nanaimo and went into managing gambling houses. Refers to the murder of a white woman by her Chinese houseman; after this, no Chinese can get work in Victoria (ca. 1914). Went back to China to marry; marriage arranged by parents. Returned to Canada and soon worked in a shingle mill. [TRACK 2: blank.]; CALL NUMBER: T3720:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Hong Len Jung : Chinese at work in B.C. : shingle mill worker PERIOD COVERED: 1920-1960 RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Describes third trip home to China (1921-22), daughter was born; fourth trip home to China, second daughter was born; fifth trip home to China, purchased more property and business; sixth trip home to China, married a second wife in hope of producing a son. Present (second wife) left for Hong Kong after Chinese Civil War, 1949. Jung applied for Canadian citizenship and sent for his two "paper" sons and wife to come over. Purchased house on Gore Street. Wife worked as a farm day labourer and at the fish canneries. Shingle mill in 1950s had very little work for him; he was earning only $200-$300 a month. In 1954, purchased "paper son" papers and sent for nephew. In 1957 purchased 1st hotel/rooming house. Describes visit to village in mainland China, first since Communist take-over. Speaks of his father and grandfather, their work in Canada, and their subsequent retirement to China. Speaks of the domination of the shingle mill trade by Chinese of the Toy San and On Ping District. TRACK 2: Started in shingle mill in 1915. Talks about his work at the shingle mill: wages; accommodations; food; workmen's compensation and accidents at work; racial mix of workers; distance of mill from town. Saved money for trips to China and sending remittance home by dividing and budgeting wages into four equal portions. Unionization of shingle mills. Teamwork of shingle bolt cutter, sorter and piler. Comparison of wages earned by shingle mill workers, lumber mill workers and restaurant workers. CALL NUMBER: T3720:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Hong Len Jung : Chinese at work in B.C. : shingle mill worker PERIOD COVERED: 1918-1949 RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Worked 6 days a week at shingle mill. Leisure activities after work. Kept room in Chinatown even when out of town or in China. Soup lines in Chinatown during Depression. Description of "fong"; rooming/commune style of living. Victoria CCBA send destitute Chinese back to China at this time. Talks of head tax, poll tax, lasting until 1949. Description of voyages back to China on CPR Empress lines and Blue Funnel lines. Description of the Chinese Theatre and the Cantonese Opera company. Member of the Hung Ming (Triad) Society in China before he came to Canada, member of the Chinese Freemason in Vancouver. Active in Vancouver as a member of the Jung Family Association, Yen Ping Locality Association. In 1918, he listened to Sun Yet Sun speak. Was involved with Freemasons as executive and organizer. Purchased $1000 worth of Kuomingtang bonds. Sent money home to China via San Francisco during Sino-Japanese War. Voted in every election in Canada when Chinese were re-enfranchised. TRACK 2: Speaks of Tong fights between Kuomingtang Society and the Chinese Freemasons: explains the differences between the two fractions. Discusses mortgaging of Freemasons in Vancouver; buildings in Victoria and collection of money for the revolt against the Manchus. Speaks of Christian faith, Chinese ancestral worship, and his views of both. The Chinese were not as badly off during Depression as white community. Prosperous Chinese in Vancouver purchased homes outside of Vancouver Chinatown (prior to 194(). Chinese businessmen bringing "false" wives to Canada, and selling these women to other businesses, or into marriage. Looking after the "dead"- Ching Ming commemorates the dead. CALL NUMBER: T3720:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Hong Len Jung : Chinese at work in B.C. : shingle mill worker RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-17 SUMMARY: [No summary is available for this interview.]

CALL NUMBER: T3719:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Jessie Lam Ross : Chinese at work in B.C. : The Hong Wo Store and the Richmond Gardens Farm PERIOD COVERED: 1890-1930 RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Family arrived in B.C. in the 1890s. Her father, Ling Lam, arrived and worked first in Victoria then settled in Steveston. Hong Wo Store started in Steveston, 1895. Ling Lam died 1939. By 1939 he owned a mixed farm, general store and operated a fish contracting business to hire labour for the canneries. Jessie and her brother John bought-out other family members in the business after 1939. The company had contracts with vegetable/fruit canneries such as Empress Factories, Grower's Canneries (Royal City Brand), and to some wholesalers in Vancouver Chinatown. The farm hired full-time Chinese workers who lived on the farm and Japanese women and their families as day labourers. Description of Chinese farm workers' living and working conditions on the farm. Details of father and mother's family background prior to immigration to Canada. Description of second store after the first store burnt in 1904. Store built on stilts over water, and warehouse on wharf over deep waters for boats/fishermen to shop and pick-up supplies. Location of farm. Description of father as a "gentleman farmer" wearing three-piece serge blue suit. TRACK 2: Discusses veg/cannery contract with Empress Factories. Description of their farm's Chinese foreman and his sons who worked on the farm all their lives. Ling Lam did not permit swearing or gambling on the farm, or by any family members. Details of Ling Lam's children's education. Description of farm workers' meals. Ling Lam's invention of cucumber grader and his introduction of the Utah green celery to the area. Ling Lam was head of the Chinese Growers' Association, the group against B.C. Coast Marketing Board. Making boxes for farm produce.

CALL NUMBER: T3719:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Jessie Lam Ross : Chinese at work in B.C. : The Hong Wo Store and the Richmond Gardens Farm PERIOD COVERED: 1900s-1960s RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Farm produce on consignment to wholesalers up until the 1960s. Ling Lam supplied all Occidental and Oriental labourers to the Phoenix Cannery (ABC) until the 1930s; then just Oriental labourers. Ling Lam was active with the clan organization the Lum Association. Jessie Lam comments on the difficulties of her contemporaries in finding professional jobs after receiving post-secondary education. Describes some neighbouring farms. The credit/accounting system with farm workers on wages. Jessie Lam's summer vacation work experience on the farm. Shipping/transportation of pickles by railway to Eastern Canada. Chinese women day labourers working on the farm in the 1950s. The end of the fish contracts with B.C. Packers (Phoenix) in 1968. Sugar rationing during WW II. [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T3719:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Jessie Lam Ross : Chinese at work in B.C. : The Hong Wo Store and the Richmond Gardens Farm PERIOD COVERED: 1920-1973 RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mother had Caucasian cleaning ladies to help with the household. Jessie Lam went to chaperoned parties/social functions during her teens. Talks of the soup kitchens in Vancouver Chinatown during the 1930s Depression. Marriage of brother John and sister Mary. Talks of the family motorcar holiday trip to Oregon in 1928. Recalls mother's prized baking, and father's vegetable competition at the PNE. An anecdote of father's temperament. Refers to the community of Eburne on Sea Island. Attending church on Sundays at the Methodist Chinese Church in Vancouver Chinatown. Describes her typical Sunday activities with her family. Going to Chinese language school after regular school day. Jessie Ross was "Miss China" during WW II as part of the Allied countries effort to raise money for the troops. Helped sell government bonds during the war. Involved with the Chinese community's effort to raise funds for the "Rice Bowl" campaign. Chinese professionals in B.C. could only attract Chinese clientele in the 1920s-50s. TRACK 2: Chinese vegetable and fish peddlers in Jessie Lam's neighbourhood (as a child) and Jewish junkmen. Milk delivered by horse and carriage until WW II. Speaks of various prominent Chinese families in Vancouver during her youth. Refers to Chung Chuck, Delta farmer who fought with her father against the B.C. Coast Marketing Board (to the Privy Council). Problems farmers, especially the Chinese, had with the Board. The closure of the farm and store in 1971 and liquidation of the property and business in 1973. Lists of goods sold at the store. Anecdote of Jessie Ross and brother John rowing out to Steveston Island.

CALL NUMBER: T3719:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Jessie Lam Ross : Chinese at work in B.C. : The Hong Wo Store and the Richmond Gardens Farm RECORDED: Vancouver (B.C.), 1980-07-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: [No content summary available for this tape.] TRACK 2: blank.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Early years: childhood, the Depression, and political interests PERIOD COVERED: 1908-1933 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Nimsick discusses his family background: father, mother, move to B.C. from Ontario, birth and childhood in Rossland, brothers and sisters. Recollections of: WW I; post-war years; Russian Revolution; One Big Union; 1920s; Depression; high school and university (UBC). Service Clubs: Knights of Columbus, Eagles. Anecdote: rounding up steers near Rossland. Early work history: various mines, Cominco (Consolidated Mining and Smelting Co.). TRACK 2: Conditions in Rossland during the Depression. Early political interests and recollections. Joined Liberal Party, 1930. Quit Liberal Party. Formed first C.C.F. club in Canada, 1932. Influence of: Social Credit, Dr. Lyle Telford (visits Rossland, 1933), Harold Winch. 1933 election: Jack Gordon dumped as Rossland C.C.F. candidate in favour of Vancouverite George Weaver. Rossland C.C.F. affiliates with the provincial organization, April 1933.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Early political involvement, 1933-1945 PERIOD COVERED: 1933-1945 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Nimsick discusses: influence of unions on Rossland C.C.F. (Western Federation of Miners); affiliation with provincial organization (cont'd); Regina Manifesto; influence of provincial party on Rossland C.C.F. Leo addresses his first meeting in Castlegar, 1933. Nature of the 1933 provincial campaign in Rossland-Trail. Reaction to: outcome of election, Connell, Winches. Discusses the Connell split. Telford prevented from becoming leader. Describes the 1935 federal election (Herridge vs. Esling in the West Kootenays). Leo's involvement in provincial party affairs. More on the Connell split: role of Ernie Winch. Communist influences in the C.C.F. TRACK 2: Communist influences in the C.C.F. (cont'd). Social Credit influence. 1937 provincial election: Leo runs against Burns in Rossland-Trail. Cominco's reaction to Leo's candidacy. Leo's reaction to the campaign. Controversy surrounding A.M. Stephen and other expulsions from the C.C.F. Wife's role in the 1937 election campaign. Living conditions during the Depression. Suspension of Nimsick from the C.C.F. (1938 or 1939). 1940 federal election campaign (Herridge vs. Esling again). Leo reinstated in C.C.F. (1944). 1941 provincial election (Herridge elected in Rossland-Trail). 1945 federal election. Herridge controversy and subsequent expulsion of Herridge and Leo from the C.C.F. Herridge elected as People's C.C.F. candidate. Charges of communism levelled against Herridge and Leo. Leo moves to Kimberly.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Municipal, provincial and federal politics, 1937-1941 PERIOD COVERED: 1937-1941 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: (aside: Leo reinstated 1948). Feud with Harold Winch, ca. 1938. C.C.F. position on WW II. J.S. Woodsworth in Rossland-Trail. Leo's position on World War II. Involvement in municipal politics. Rossland Co-operative Transportation Society. TRACK 2: Origins of Herridge-C.C.F. dispute. 1941 provincial election and splits in the C.C.F. National party vs. provincial C.C.F. Reaction to Pattullo and the Coalition government in B.C.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Union politics and the Herridge controversy, 1937-1941 PERIOD COVERED: 1937-1944 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Coalition (continued). The Japanese issue: Leo visits an internment camp. The organization of Cominco in Rossland-Trail by the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers. History of unionization in Rossland (Western Federation of Miners). TRACK 2: Nature of MMSW's first agreement. Recollection of: Blaylock, Diamond, and Harvey Murphy. Herridge-C.C.F. dispute: Herridge's involvement in provincial politics, the decision to run him federally in Kootenay West over the objections of the provincial caucus.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Herridge controversy and 1949 provincial election, 1944-1949 PERIOD COVERED: 1944-1949 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Nimsick discusses: Herridge dispute (cont'd), split with provincial party; Herridge's role in the dispute; accusations of communism levelled against Herridge and Nimsick; the federal party's role in the dispute; Herridge nominated federally; decision to form the People's C.C.F. Leo then transferred to Kimberley. Herridge, Leo and others expelled from C.C.F. Discusses 1945 federal election, 1945 provincial election, and the decision to run People's C.C.F. candidates. Relations between C.C.F. and Labour Progressive Party (LPP). B.C. Federation of Labour involvement in provincial politics (Leo attends first meeting). Coalition government: labour relations and the 1945 provincial election. TRACK 2: Leo Nimsick discusses: life in Kimberley, the effect of Douglas victory in Saskatchewan, Harding and Coldwell's roles in repairing rift between C.C.F. and People's C.C.F. Herridge reinstated. General recollections regarding Herridge's career. Nimsick's new job for company: relations with union. Nimsick runs for C.C.F. nomination in Cranbrook and wins. Problems getting provincial executive to accept nomination. Problems relating to expulsion of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers from CLC. Comments on 1949 campaign and Harold Winch.

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The 1949 provincial election and post-election period PERIOD COVERED: 1949-1950 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Nimsick discusses: the 1949 provincial election (cont'd); his win and the subsequent recount; campaign tactics and style; Native voters; 1949 C.C.F. caucus; 1949 federal election; story regarding an appendicitis attack. Relations with Cominco (Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company). Relations between C.C.F. and Nimsick. TRACK 2: Reaction to drift of C.C.F. away from Regina Manifesto. Involvement with and reaction to battle between Steelworkers and Mine, Mill unions in Trail. The 1950 session, the 1950 C.C.F. provincial convention in Penticton, general observations and comments regarding dispute. Nimsick's role in party conflicts and party affairs (as an outsider).

CALL NUMBER: T3224:0007 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): First legislative experiences, 1950 PERIOD COVERED: 1950-1950 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Nimsick discusses: disputes and expulsions within C.C.F. (Socialist Fellowship); first session, 1950; recollections of first speeches (call for welfare reform); reaction to legislative traditions; relations with Winch and C.C.F. caucus; relations with Coalition. Description of individual C.C.F. and Coalition members, ca. 1950. TRACK 2: Description of individual C.C.F. and Coalition members (cont'd). Hospital insurance issue.

CALL NUMBER: T2887:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Leslie Eyres : Coalition cabinet minister, 1946-1952 (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1892-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Born in 1892 in Manitoba. Family background. Homesteaded in Manitoba in 1911. Joined cavalry at the outset of WW I. Transferred to Royal Flying Corps, 1917. Was an observer photographer. Story of being shot down and crash landing in Germany, 1918. Captured after crash. Story of prison camps and Eyres' escape and recapture. A prisoner of war at the end of WW I. TRACK 2: The end of WW I. Eyres established in tire business in Chilliwack, ca. 1920. Had business until 1952. Was an alderman in Chilliwack during 1930s Depression. Municipal relief during 1930s. How Eyres was nominated as Conservative candidate in 1937 provincial election. Financial setbacks due to being an MLA. 1937 election campaign. Anecdote about Frank Calder, MLA. Comments on Premier T.D. Pattullo. The 1941 election. Eyres' goals in politics. Eyres particularly proud of "The Regional Industrial Index". CALL NUMBER: T2887:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Leslie Eyres : Coalition cabinet minister, 1946-1952 (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1941-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The 1941 election. Few recollections of the formation of the Coalition, 1941. The breakup of the Coalition, 1952. The disagreement between Herbert Anscomb and Byron Johnson. Anscomb fired. Eyres and other Conservatives resign from government, January 1952. Eyres speculates that Johnson's serious auto accident contributed to the Coalition breakup. The 1952 election. Eyres defeated in Chilliwack constituency by Socred Ken Kiernan. Eyres gives glowing account of Herbert Anscomb, Conservative leader. Eyres supported Anscomb, rather than W.A.C. Bennett, in leadership contests, 1946, 1950. Eyres joins cabinet, 1946. Few memories of 1945 or 1949 elections. Eyres offered but turns down various bribes. Brief anecdote about Gordon Wismer, Attorney-General. Story about Tom Uphill, Independent MLA from Fernie, drinking in the Legislature. TRACK 2: Most cabinet ministers took ministerial papers with them. Press relations with local Chilliwack press always good. Favourable comments on Ernest and Harold Winch.

CALL NUMBER: T2706:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Memories of growing up as the daughter of W.A.C. Bennett PERIOD COVERED: 1928-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-06-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Anita Tozer discusses her family background: the Bennett family's move to Kelowna, 1930; early memories of life in Kelowna; growing up in the Okanagan Valley during the Depression; relations with her brothers; anecdotes about W.A.C. Bennett as a father; family backgrounds of mother and father; education of the Bennett family; W.A.C. Bennett's years in Edmonton. TRACK 2: Anita Tozer discusses the background to her mother and father's marriage in Edmonton, 1927. Her parent's involvement in a religious youth group in Edmonton. Anecdote about her father teaching Chinese immigrants in Edmonton. Religion and the Bennett family. The nature of the Bennett household. Discipline and the Bennett family. Attending the University of Alberta. The education of her brothers. CALL NUMBER: T2706:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Politics and the Bennett family, 1950 - 1975 PERIOD COVERED: 1950-1975 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-06-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Anita Tozer discusses her education and teaching career. Marriage to Geoffrey Tozer, 1952. Growth of family. Relationship between the Bennetts and Tozers. The Capozzis and the Bennetts. Family involvement in election campaigns. Comments on her father's political career: reactions to W.A.C. Bennett joining Social Credit and becoming Premier. TRACK 2: Anita Tozer discusses aspects of her own life as the daughter of the Premier of British Columbia. Further comments on her teaching career. Attitudes towards teaching, teachers, the B.C.T.F. and compulsory union membership. Women in politics. Her mother's role in her father's political career. The effect of the 1972 election defeat. Reaction to her brother Bill's entry into politics and attainment of the Premiership. Comments on the book she intends to write on her father's career.

CALL NUMBER: T2348:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Beginnings of Social Credit in B.C. PERIOD COVERED: 1912-1950 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-10-14 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Wicks describes his personal background. He tells of his efforts to work during the Great Depression. Work for B.C. Electric during World War II. He describes his beginning interest in Social Credit in 1944. He joins Social Credit and becomes immediately involved. Mr. Wicks describes the various factions in Social Credit in British Columbia at this time. TRACK 2: Continued discussion of changes in the Social Credit. Mr. Wicks becomes 1st Vice-President of Social Credit Association of Canada, B.C. Section, in 1946. Mr. Wicks helps to establish the Vancouver Area Council for Social Credit. When Major Jukes fails to call a convention for Social Credit in B.C., Mr. Wicks is asked to do so, creating a split in Social Credit. At the convention, Wicks is chosen President and Eric Martin Vice-President. Description of role of Social Credit in 1949 provincial election. Relations of the B.C. Section with Social Credit Alberta. CALL NUMBER: T2348:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): 1952 election and campaigning PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-10-14 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Wicks describes his reactions to W.A.C. Bennett crossing the floor of the Legislature to sit as an independent, and the concept of forming another party under Bennett. The 1951 Esquimalt by-election and the role of Social Credit. The impact of the British Columbia Hospital Insurance Service on the electorate. Eric Martin's close relationship with W.A.C. Bennett and efforts to bring Bennett into the Social Credit League. Mr. Wicks meets Mr. Bennett in 1951. Social Credit convention at the Russell Hotel, New Westminster. Expansion of Social Credit provincially. Wicks re-elected President of the Social Credit League. Role of Alberta in the development of the Social Credit League in B.C. Problems between B.C. and Alberta. TRACK 2: Divisions on the executive about bringing Bennett into Social Credit. 1952 provincial election. Tilly Rolston joins Social Credit. Campaign efforts by Social Credit. Reaction of electorate to Social Credit. The use of the transferable ballot. Reaction to the results of the election. CALL NUMBER: T2348:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Formation of Social Credit government, 1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1951-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1976-10-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Wicks consults Solon E. Low on the idea of having W.A.C. Bennett join the Social Credit League. Opposition to Bennett from Alberta Social Credit. Meeting with Hugh Sheriff to discuss Bennett. Wicks' role as President of the Social Credit League. Development of the Social Credit campaign platform. Problems of keeping the executive from becoming divided. Financing of Social Credit in the 1952 election. TRACK 2: Selection of legislative leader in the Hotel Vancouver. Wicks' comment on changes in his role. Choice of W.A.C. Bennett. Choice of cabinet. Bennett's instructions to MLAs upon arrival in Victoria. Reaction to becoming a cabinet minister. CALL NUMBER: T2348:0004 SUMMARY: [No documentation or transcript available for this tape.]

CALL NUMBER: T1375:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Childhood and Youth, 1914-1933 PERIOD COVERED: 1914-1933 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-01-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Born in Victoria, 1914. United Empire Loyalist stock in New Brunswick, 1786. Family moves to B.C. in 1912 (?). Father in feed business. Moved to Ladner. Father in debt. Moved to Salmon Arm. Father killed in 1927, putting the family into even greater debt. TRACK 2: Works for "The SAFE" in Salmon Arm. Mother ran a boarding house. Played in dance band through the Depression. Ambition to become a pilot. Normal School in Victoria. Member of Older Boys' Parliament. Worked as warehouseman and clerk. Depression years in Salmon Arm. CALL NUMBER: T1375:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Student and teacher, 1934-1939 PERIOD COVERED: 1934-1939 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-01-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Williston discusses his first teaching job in Hendon, B.C. in 1934. He then took a B.A. at UBC summer school, starting in 1935. Taught in Surrey, B.C. Talks about Surrey social life at the time, and his marriage in 1939. Moves to Princeton, B.C. Graduates from UBC in 1940. Discusses the social life in Princeton in the late 1930s. TRACK 2: Discusses teaching at the Princeton High School. UBC summer session discussed. Walks over Hope-Princeton trail in 1939. Gordon Shrum and Professor Sedgewick at UBC. Williston has attack of "nervous exhaustion". He develops an "abhorrence" of socialism during the 1930s. CALL NUMBER: T1375:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Airman and School Administrator, 1940-1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1940-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-01-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Rejects BCTF militancy in the 1930s. Rejection of socialism. RCAF (1940-1945) in Alberta. Returns to teaching in 1945. Supervising principal in Prince George. Joins the Department of Education as school inspector. TRACK 2: Reprimand by W.T. Straith, Minister of Education. Declines to run as a Socred in 1952. Runs in 1953 and elected (Fort George constituency). Unschooled in Socred monetary theory. Thought W.A.C. Bennett too conservative in financial matters. Socialism versus "adapted free enterprise". Voted for various parties in 1930s and 1940s. CALL NUMBER: T1375:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Social Credit politician, 1952-1954 PERIOD COVERED: 1952-1954 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-01-02 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Attracted to the Social Credit Party in 1952 by the people in it. Nominating meeting in 1953. Had job as a lecturer at the University of Washington, 1954. Became Minister of Education, April 1954. Aquatic events in the Gorge, Victoria. [TRACK 2: blank.]; CALL NUMBER: T1375:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): MLA and Minister of Education, 1953-1956 PERIOD COVERED: 1953-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-10-06 SUMMARY: Williston reprimanded by William T. Straith, Minister of Education, for making public statements about education. Asked to resign as school inspector when he was nominated in 1953. 1953 election. W.A.C. Bennett speaks on behalf of Williston, 1953. Williston's first speech in Legislative Assembly. Williston gets favourable reaction from all sides. Responsibilities of "the press". Williston becomes Minister of Education, April 1954. Appointment kept secret until last minute. Initial problems and issues in education -- financing, teacher training, curriculum. Role of deputy ministers. Some senior public servants try to embarrass the new government, especially with regard to finances. School finances. CALL NUMBER: T1375:0006 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Minister of Education, 1954-1956 PERIOD COVERED: 1954-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-10-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Problems of school construction and finance, 1954-56. Establishment of teacher training in universities. British Columbia College of Education. Reinstatement of World Review in the schools. Education problems with Doukhobors. Doukhobor school at New Denver, B.C. The socializing role of the school system. TRACK 2: More on B.C. College of Education. Personalities in B.C. education. Salaries of education officials. School openings. CALL NUMBER: T1375:0007 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The "Sommers" Case PERIOD COVERED: 1955-1957 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1975-10-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: "Sommers scandal" in which Robert Sommers is accused and convicted of accepting bribes in relation to the granting of forest land tenures. Williston's personal assessment of Sommers. Williston appointed Minister of Lands and Forests, 1956. Reaction within government to the scandal. Mel Bryan crosses the floor to protest Attorney-General Bonner's handling of the affair. TRACK 2: More on Mel Bryan and "Sommers scandal". Assessment of Ron Worley. Sloan Commission on Forestry, 1957.

CALL NUMBER: T1377:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A woman forester in the United States and Canada PERIOD COVERED: 1899-1940 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1975-01-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Estella Mills discusses her background: born June 23, 1899, in Binghampton, N.Y. (nee Dodge); family background in eastern USA; immigration to western USA in 1910; description of CPR immigrant train; moved to Portland, Oregon; early interest in botany. Enrolled in forestry at University of Washington, 1917. Experiences as the first woman enrolled in forestry at U. of W. Second woman in US;A to obtain post-secondary degree in forestry. Attained Master's degree in 1924. Married soon after graduation and never practiced forestry professionally. Discusses meeting her future husband, Russell Mills. TRACK 2: Went with husband to Saulk River Logging Company, Derrington, Washington. Logging camp life from a woman's point of view. Various forestry jobs during the Depression. Moved to Port Renfrew, B.C. (Malahat Logging Co.), 1935. Designing of logging railroads in San Juan River valley. Story of the Bear Creek logging bridge. Travelling between Victoria and Port Renfrew on the "Maquinna". Ordering groceries from Victoria. CALL NUMBER: T1377:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Logging camp life in the Nimpkish Valley, 1942-60 PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1960 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1975-01-17 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Travelling on the "Maquinna" between Victoria and Port Renfrew. Mrs. Mills and husband Russell move to Canadian Forest Products Ltd. in Nimpkish Valley, 1942. Adventures on early airplane flights into the Nimpkish Valley. Logging problems faced in the Nimpkish Valley. Logging camp life described. Problems of educating children in a logging camp. TRACK 2: The Women's Institute in the Nimpkish Valley. Medical services and problems. Logging accidents. Travelling to Alert Bay for supplies. Summary remarks. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T1364:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A career in B.C.'s educational system (part one) PERIOD COVERED: 1925-1939 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1974-10-03 SUMMARY: This tape begins with Dr. English's early years as a student, then his early career in education as a teacher and principal. Discusses Putnam-Weir Report. Effect of Depression on education. CALL NUMBER: T1364:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A career in B.C.'s educational system (part two) PERIOD COVERED: 1935-1945 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1974-10-03 SUMMARY: Dr. English describes changes in education in the 1930s, and his experiences as a school inspector in the Peace River school district. CALL NUMBER: T1364:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A career in B.C.'s educational system (part three) PERIOD COVERED: 1943-1962 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1974-10-03 SUMMARY: Dr. English discusses his experiences as an inspector in Trail-Rossland district, and the differences between this district and the Trail school board. Talks about the problem of Doukhobors' refusal to send their children to school. Implementation of Cameron Report in the Greater Victoria area. CALL NUMBER: T1364:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A career in B.C.'s educational system (part four) PERIOD COVERED: 1946-1963 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1974-10-03 SUMMARY: Discussion of advantages and disadvantages of re-organization according to the Cameron Report. Discussion of changes in organization of the Department of Education, and changing responsibilities of officials. Policy decision under Social Credit government. Curriculum revision. The Chant Report. CALL NUMBER: T1364:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A career in B.C.'s educational system (part five) PERIOD COVERED: 1945-1965 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1974-10-03 SUMMARY: Career as Deputy Minister of Education: discussion of implementation of Chant Report, of contribution of Ministers of Education, of changes in organization of Department of Education. Observations on the Legislature. General comments about trends in education and the preparation of annual reports. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T1360:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Childhood and Youth in Alberta and British Columbia : 1909-1928 PERIOD COVERED: 1909-1928 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Born in 1909 in Red Deer, Alberta. Family background. The Barnett family in Alberta. Barnett family move to Vancouver, 1918. Barnett's education. TRACK 2: Eyewitnesses description of the return of Canadian troops to Vancouver. Growing up in Genoa Bay, Vancouver Island. Politics in the Barnett family. Barnett's uncle Alfred Speakman an MP. Barnett completed high school in 1925. Mother sick in the Provincial Hospital at Marpole/Oakridge. Worked in sawmills, 1925-26. Barnett spent one year in California, 1926-27. Entered UBC, 1927. CALL NUMBER: T1360:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A young man's experiences in B.C. : 1925-1942 PERIOD COVERED: 1925-1942 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Barnett as a student at UBC after 1927. The strong influence of Barnett's mother. Also influenced by his high school teacher, Arnold Webster. Met J.S. Woodsworth in 1929 and favourably impressed. Barnett considers entering the ministry, c. 1931. Barnett to the Cariboo as a lay minister, 1933. Effects of the Depression on the Cariboo. Barnett decides against the ministry. Activities of the Student Christian Movement at UBC. TRACK 2: The intellectual climate of Vancouver and UBC in the 1930s. Barnett not a member of any party in the 1930s. Barnett in the Central Interior, 1933-42. Barnett attracted to the Social Credit movement in the 1930s. Barnett a supporter but not a member of the C.C.F. in the 1930s. Friend of C.C.F. MLA John McInnis. Editor of the Wells Chronicle during the 1930s. Barnett moves to Port Alberni in 1942. CALL NUMBER: T1360:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The I.W.A. in the 1940s PERIOD COVERED: 1932-1953 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Barnett's observations on B.C. politics in the 1930s. Personal impressions of T. "Duff" Pattullo. Barnett a school trustee in Wells, c. 1937-1940. The educational system in Wells in the late 1930s. More about the Liberal government of Pattullo. Moved to Port Alberni in 1942. Joined C.C.F., 1943. Joined I.W.A. and became active in the union. Also on the executive of Credit Union and consumer co-op. TRACK 2: Barnett's work history, 1942-53. Barnett's opposition to the communist control of the Port Alberni local and the B.C. region of the I.W.A. The "cell" operation of the Communist Party. Barnett instrumental in the formation of an anti-communist "counter-caucus" within the Port Alberni local. Barnett tried and acquitted within the union as a union disrupter, 1945. Barnett a candidate in the 1945 federal and provincial elections. More on the communist / non-communist struggle within the Port Alberni local. Barnett's fundamental opposition to "monolithic" communism. Critique of the Communist Party of Canada by Malcolm Bruce. The defeat of the communists in the I.W.A., 1948. CALL NUMBER: T1360:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Federal politics in the 1940s and 1950s PERIOD COVERED: 1942-1957 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Communist leaders in Port Alberni: Alfred Dewhurst, Mark Mosher, Nigel Morgan. Communists not successful in infiltrating the C.C.F. in Port Alberni. Relations between the C.C.F. and the Communist Party. Most Scandinavians were social democrats. The 1945 federal election. A.W. Neill, the former member for Comox-Alberni. More on the 1945 federal election. Did not run in 1949. The Japanese-Canadians as an issue in the 1945 election. TRACK 2: More on Japanese-Canadians. The federal election of 1953: Barnett elected for the first time. Election night, 1953. Took leave of absence from his job at Tahsis Company immediately after election. Barnett's personal financial situation, 1953. Salaries of MPs. Barnett's first trip to Ottawa, 1953. Initial impressions of Ottawa. Getting used to Ottawa. CALL NUMBER: T1360:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): (untitled) PERIOD COVERED: 1953-[no date] RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Living arrangements in Ottawa: The Coburg Street Caucus. Introduction to the House of Commons. Parliamentary openings described. Throne Speech debate described. Barnett's maiden address. Parliamentary decorum in the 1950s. The issue of the recognition of the People's Republic of China. The Quebec "Independents". Barnett's seat in the House of Commons. The "lobbies" of the House of Commons. Informal co-operation between the parties. The development of "question period". TRACK 2: [blank?] (End of interview.)

CALL NUMBER: T1249:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Thomas Dufferin Pattullo : A Daughter's Reminiscence (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1873-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The early life of Mrs. Collison's father, Thomas Dufferin Pattullo. Pattullo in Dawson City, Yukon, c. 1897-1908. Pattullo family in Prince Rupert, 1908-1916. Pattullo as a family man. Pattullo family life. Religion in the Pattullo family. Social life as a cabinet minister's family. Pressures on Pattullo's wife. Political associates of Pattullo. Relations between Pattullo and Hart. Mrs. Collison's education. More on social life in Victoria. TRACK 2: The Pattullo's social life continued. Family strains caused by a political career. Pattullo's temperament. Pattullo disappointed at not being made a Senator. Relationship between Pattullo and Mackenzie King. Pattullo was the "first flying Premier". Relationship between Pattullo and G.G. McGeer. Comments about various cabinet ministers. Relationship between Pattullo and his brother George. Pattullo a fastidious dresser. Differences between Pattullo and his brother George. Pattullo had a "fetish" about proper pronunciation. Pattullo: "not an easy speaker". Pattullo enjoyed campaigning. Description of various election nights. Details about the 1941 Liberal convention. CALL NUMBER: T1249:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Thomas Dufferin Pattullo : A Daughter's Reminiscence (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1933-1956 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Effects of the 1930s Depression on Pattullo's policies. Pattullo an admirer of President F.D. Roosevelt. Pattullo had no hobbies. Pattullo's retirement. Pattullo asks W.A.C. Bennett to join Liberals about 1941. Pattullo admired Sir Richard McBride. Pattullo a strong family man. Pattullo only overseas once, in 1913. More on Pattullo's character. Pattullo gave complete freedom to his family. Pattullo's temper. Pattullo's firmness and punctuality. Pattullo's good relations with his personal staff. [TRACK 2: blank; end of interview.]

CALL NUMBER: T1203:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): B.C. Premiers : Brewster, Oliver, MacLean, Tolmie, Pattullo and Hart PERIOD COVERED: 1912-1960 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1977-03-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Percival Charles Richards discusses background: born 1904 in England; moved to Victoria, 1912; early career as a journalist in Victoria and California. Richards' experiences in Ethiopia ca. 1955-59 as the editor of that country's first free press newspaper. Richards' recollections of Premiers H.C. Brewster, John Oliver, John D. MacLean. TRACK 2: Richards' reminiscences of Premier Dr. S.F. Tolmie. Political consequences of the Depression of the 1930s. John Hart's problems as Minister of Finance in the Pattullo government. Anecdotes about John Hart and Duff Pattullo. The firing of Hart by Pattullo and the formation of the Coalition in 1941. Details about the formation of the Coalition government. Discussion of Richards' position on Hart's staff as a secretary cum executive assistant. More about the formation of the Coalition. Details about Richards' dismissal by the Bennett government. CALL NUMBER: T1203:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Personal reminiscence of Premier John Hart PERIOD COVERED: 1936-1952 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1977-03-16 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Richards discusses: his dismissal by the Bennett government; more on the formation of the Coalition, 1941; negotiations between Hart of the Liberals and Maitland of the Conservatives; the deluge of work for the new provincial government, 1941-42. Hart goes through a depressed period shortly after becoming Premier. Hart's dealings with the Eastern financial community. How Richards' came to; work for Hart in 1936. Personal reminiscences and anecdotes about John Hart. Hart's appearance. Hart's athletic abilities. TRACK 2: Hart was a perfectionist. Hart's generosity toward people around him. Hart's regular poker games at the Union Club. Hart was a voracious reader, especially about economics. Richards arranged many private dinners for Hart. Hart's personal background. CALL NUMBER: T1203:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): A political reminiscence, 1936-1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1936-1952 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1977-04-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The generosity of Premier John Hart as revealed in anecdotes. The civil service role of political secretaries. Anecdotes about protocol. Royal visits, 1951 and 1939. More on protocol. Pattullo government and the Rowell-Sirois Commission. Role of G. Neil Perry as a financial advisor. TRACK 2: Story about political relations between John Hart and W.L.M. King. Antagonism of the federal Liberals to the Coalition government. Duff Pattullo, John Hart and the 1940 federal-provincial conference. Hart cautious in his dealings with the press. Contrasts between Pattullo and Hart. The 1941 provincial election and the formation of the Coalition. CALL NUMBER: T1203:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): The Coalition government, 1941-1952 PERIOD COVERED: 1941-1952 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1977-04-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Continuation of the discussion of the formation of the Coalition government, November and December 1941. Problems of Coalition government. Details about compromise within the Coalition. More about the formation of the Coalition, 1941. Pattullo in the period, 1941-45. Incident in which Anscomb criticizes Doug Turnbull, Minister of Health, in the 1951 budget speech. Richards contends that this should have been the end of the Coalition. The break-up of the Coalition, January 1952. Hospital Insurance problems for the Coalition. Hart offers Anscomb the opportunity of making W.A.C. Bennett a cabinet minister, ca. 1945. TRACK 2: More on the 1951 budget speech incident. Comments on Boss Johnson as a political leader. Highways and public works used as a political tool. Ernest Carson as Minister of Public Works. The Coalition against the "patronage" system. CALL NUMBER: T1203:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Anecdotes about British Columbia politics in the 1920s and 1930s PERIOD COVERED: 1933-1947 RECORDED: Victoria (B.C.), 1977-05-05 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Description of Premier T.D. Pattullo. Comments on Pattullo's secretary/assistant, Ben Hethey. Richards becomes John Hart's personal secretary, 1936. The press and press gallery reporters in the 1920s and 1930s. Bruce Hutchison. [TRACK 2: blank; end of interview]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Life in the B.C. forest industry, 1917-1968 PERIOD COVERED: 1917-1968 RECORDED: Beaver Cove (B.C.), 1974-07-30 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Bentley discusses: Wood and English logging company activity in the Nimpkish Valley, 1917-1918; working on a steam tug, 1918; placement of the Wood and English camps, 1,2 and 3. Anecdote on the beginning of the Great Depression, 1929. Pre-emption on logging grants, 1929. Anecdote on meeting with Mr. English. Working for Brown and Kirkland logging, 1923. "Cent-and-a-half" Phillips anecdote. Going to Vancouver on a Christmas break. Comment on Fred Brown and Fred Kirkland. Responsibilities of boom superintendent at Nimpkish camp: booming, sorting and transporting. TRACK 2: Life in Nimpkish camp, 1940s. Transporting loggers during work breaks. Anecdote on losing of tug crew members. (End of interview)

CALL NUMBER: T2719:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Gordon and Jack Gibson : the Gibson family (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1886-1939 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mother's and father's personal background. Mother to Vancouver in 1886, father in 1896. Family's economic situation. Father (William F. Gibson) involved in Bridge River gold rush. Family in Yukon, 1903-05. G. Gibson born in Yukon, 1904. Family to Vancouver in 1906. Father's work history. Father a timber staker and cruiser. TRACK 2: Comments on the Vancouver real estate boom, 1912. Father; joined Forestry Corps, 1914. Odd jobs for young brothers. Father rejected for overseas service, 1915. G. Gibson goes logging with his father, 1917. Logging aircraft spruce during WW I. Building their first mill after WW I. Gibson family moves to Ahousat in early 1920s. The Gibson's on the West Coast of Vancouver Island: boats, the pilchard industry, 1925-32. Ahousat during the Depression.; CALL NUMBER: T2719:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Gordon and Jack Gibson : the Gibson family (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1932-1952 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Description of Ahousat and the Native people. The purchase of the SS "Malahat". Anecdotes about the "Malahat". Hauling logs on the Queen Charlottes. TRACK 2: More anecdotes about the "Malahat". The end of the "Malahat". Logging airplane spruce during WW II. Dividing the work between the four brothers. Built sawmill at Tahsis after WW II. Building Tahsis. The Gibsons amalgamate with the East Asiatic Co. The Gibsons in the whaling business at Coal Harbour. CALL NUMBER: T2719:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Gordon and Jack Gibson : the Sommers case (part 1) PERIOD COVERED: 1945-1960 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Continuation of the story of the Gibsons' involvement in the whaling industry. Gibsons sell out completely to the East Asiatic Company, 1952. Relations between the Gibsons and East Asiatic, 1948-52. Jack Gibson's political career: Gibson's predecessor A.W. Neill; 1945 nominating convention; Gibson MP, 1945-53; Gibson sat as an independent; comments on his communist seat-mate Fred Rose. How Gordon Gibson came to run in 1953 provincial election. G. Gibson's position before the Sloan Commission. Anecdotes about the 1953 election campaign. TRACK 2: Improper granting of FMLs under the Coalition government, 1947-52. The role of campaign funds. Discussion of the Sommers case. Gibson's resignation over the Sommers case. Gibson's defeat in 1955 by-election. Gibson feels Social Credit party involved in FML scandal. Discussion of the "money talks" speech, 1955. Sammy Craig and BCFP incident. Story of G. Gibson's address to UBC forestry class. CALL NUMBER: T2719:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Gordon and Jack Gibson : the Sommers case (part 2) PERIOD COVERED: 1948-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Comments on the Sloan Commission hearings. Bob Filberg of Canadian Western Forest Industries was the campaign funds "collector" for the Coalition from the forest industries. Circumstances surrounding the granting of FML #2. Why the Gibson brothers did not apply for an FML. Comments on R. Sommers' gambling. Gambling with people in the forest industry. Gordon Gibson recalls discussing FMLs with W.A.C. Bennett. H.R. MacMillan opposed to FMLs at one time. Anecdote about Gordon Gibson being ejected from the B.C. Legislature, 1955. The Lord Commission, 1955, discussed. The people involved in the hearings: Arthur Lord, Alfred Bull, T.W. Brown. TRACK 2: Ron Howard, Gibson's lawyer. G. Gibson's reaction to the findings of the Lord Commission. Comments on Bonner's role. Positive assessment; of Judge Arthur Lord. The Lillooet by-election, 1955. Anecdotes about the by-election campaign. The Gibsons' connection with David Sturdy. Discussion of Sturdy and Charles Eversfield. Meetings to discuss the Eversfield evidence with the Gibson brothers, Ron Howard, Tommy Gold, Stuart Keate and Donald Cromie. Payments to Sturdy. Comments on Sturdy's judgement. Comments on Eversfield. RCMP Inspector W.J. Butler. CALL NUMBER: T2719:0005 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Gordon and Jack Gibson : the Sommers case (part 3) PERIOD COVERED: 1953-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Comments on the "money talks" speech. Discussion of the presentation of the Eversfield evidence to the Sloan Commission, Dec. 1955. The role of Charles Locke, the Sloan Commission counsel. The Gibsons have never seen the Butler Report. J. Gibson asked federal Justice Minister Stuart Garson to see the Butler Report but was refused. Discussion of the Tahsis Company in the Butler Report. The role of C.D. Orchard and the Forest Service. Davie Fulton, federal Justice Minister, put pressure on the Sommers case. Implications of Sommers case for Jack Gibson's role as a Liberal party fund-raiser. TRACK 2: Payments from Gibson to Sturdy. Peripheral involvement of James Sinclair, Johnny Fairburn and Sid Smith. Gibson has no specific knowledge of the alleged payoffs to keep Sommers out of the country. Gibson did not attend trial. Comments on the role of C.D. Scultz. Gibson did not know the Gray brothers. No ministers other than Sommers benefited personally from the bribery scheme. The Gibson brothers considered applying for an FML. Gibson cannot recall details of meeting with Sommers prior to famous speech. Miscellaneous comments. (End of interview);