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This collection is comprised of records relating to the development, implementation and administration of game management policies in British Columbia from 1905-1927. It includes correspondence, reports, vouchers and licences, as well as information regarding firearms regulation and prosecutions under game laws. Records were created by the Provincial Game Warden, Deputy Game Wardens and other related staff.

Researchers will find these records particularly useful for tracking the development and implementation of early provincial game management policies. General correspondence and reports from Deputy Game Wardens throughout the province contain information regarding the status of game in various areas over time. Difficulties in enforcing policies such as regulation of trophy hunters and the need for firearms licences are documented in these materials. Development of the game base as an economic resource through payment of licence fees, and international promotion of the province as a sportsperson's centre, were key components of A. Bryan Williams' approach to game management and the results of this can also be studied in these records. Conflicts between the provincial approach to the game resource and that taken by some Indigenous peoples can be studied in this collection. Additional subjects include fishing, fur farming, wildlife management and conflict between hunting with other forms and land and resource use. Many of the Deputy Game Wardens saw military service abroad during World War I and the records include some relevant correspondence.

See Table of Contents below for a general sense of the collection organization and finding aid for a detailed file/item list. The contents of some files are listed in a hardcopy index (i.e. an item list) available in the reference room. The series is arranged by record type into the following sub series and sub-sub series:

A. Indexes
B. Correspondence
B(1) Personal and semi-official correspondence of A. Bryan Williams, Provincial Game Warden
B(2) Correspondence out
B(3) Letterbooks of correspondence out
B(4) General correspondence inward and outward
B(5) Correspondence re: firearms licences
C. Deputy Game Wardens
C(1) Monthly reports Boxes
C(2) Correspondence Boxes
D. Returns re: firearms licences
E. Vouchers
F. Licences
G. Prosecutions
H. Miscellaneous

This series consists of records created by the Ministry of the Environment, the Department of Environment and their predecessors departments, such as the Department of Lands, Forests and Water Resources. The majority of the records were created from 1970-1977.

Records relate to department administration, organization charts, reorganization, pollution control, water resources services and the agricultural land reserve.

The records relate to all functions of the Department of Environment. This includes, but is not limited to, the creation and management of the Department of the Environment; managing protected areas; hunting; trapping and traplines; guide outfitters; fishing; Indigenous hunting and land rights; wildlife management, including wolf control; game farming; fish farms and aquaculture; water rights and management; Ministry centralization and reorganization; the establishment of the Environmental Lab; conservation and habitat management; water rights and water licences; flood prevention and mitigation; the creation and management of dams and dykes; land use; pollution, including air, chemical, solid waste and sewage; waste management, including landfills and sewage systems; coal mining; pesticides and herbicides; conservation officers, including enforcement and prosecutions; the drafting of legislation and orders-in-council; flood claims, control and prevention; and surveys and mapping.

Records include correspondence from the public and within government, briefing notes, meeting minutes, minister's speeches, Cabinet submissions, Treasury Board submissions, reports, agreements, legislation, agreements, policies, procedures, maps and photos.

The records were created by the following executive:

Ray Gillis Williston, Minister of Lands, Forests and Water Resources, 1962-1972
Robert Arthur Williams, Minister of Lands, Forests and Water Resources, 1972-1975
James Arthur Nielson, Minister of Environment, 1975-1978
Kenneth Rafe Mair, Minister, 1978-1979
Charles Stephen Rogers, Minister, 1979-1983

Ben E Marr, Assistant Deputy Minister (ADM), Water Resources, 1973-1975
Ben E Marr, Deputy Minister, 1974-1987
Allan Murray, ADM Conservation, 1978-1979
V Raudsepp, DM, Water Resources, 1970-1973
GE Simmons, ADM, Water Resources, 1975
GE Simmons, ADM, Water and Air, 1976
GE Simmons, ADM, Environmental and Engineering, 1977-1978
GE Simmons, ADM, Environmental Management, 1979-1981
WN Venables, ADM Environmental Protection, 1979
Ed H Vernon, ADM, Conservation, 1974-1978

This series consists of executive records created by the Ministry of Environment, and its successor, the Ministry of Environment and Parks, from 1978-1991.

The records relate to all functions of the Ministry of Environment. This includes, but is not limited to, the creation and management of Provincial Parks, such as Strathcona; mining in parks; hunting; trapping and traplines; guide outfitters; fishing; Indigenous hunting and land rights; wildlife management, including wolf control; game farming; fish farms and aquaculture; water rights and management; Ministry centralization and reorganization; the privatization of Ministry functions, including the Environmental Lab; conservation and habitat management; water rights and water licences; flood prevention and mitigation; the creation and management of dams and dykes; land use; pollution, including air, chemical, solid waste and sewage; waste management, including landfills and sewage systems; coal mining; pesticides and herbicides; conservation officers, including enforcement and prosecutions; the drafting of legislation and orders-in-council; flood claims, control and prevention; and surveys and mapping.

Records include correspondence from the public and within government, briefing notes, meeting minutes, minister's speeches, Cabinet submissions, Treasury Board submissions, reports, agreements, legislation, variance orders, brochures, agreements, policies, procedures, maps and photos.

The records were created by the following executive:

Charles Stephen Rogers, Minister, 1979-1983
Anthony Julius Brummett, Minister, 1983-1985
Forbes Charles Austin Pelton, Minister, 1985-1986
Charles Stephen Rogers, Minister, 1986-1987
William Bruce Stracham, Minister, 1987-1989

Earle D Anthony, Assistant Deputy Minister (ADM) Regional Operations, 1979-1981
Earle D Anthony, ADM Environmental Management, 1982-1987
Earle D Anthony, ADM Programs, 1987-1988
Earle D Anthony, Acting DM, 1988
Richard L Dalon, Deputy Minister, 1988-[1990]
Ben E Marr, Deputy Minister, 1974-1987
Allan Murray, ADM Conservation, 1978-1979
Allan Murray, ADM Environmental Management, 1980-1982
Allan Murray, ADM Regional Operations, 1983-1985
GE Simmons, ADM, Environmental Management, 1979-1981
WN Venables, ADM Environmental Protection, 1979
WN Venables, ADM Assessment and Planning, 1980-1984

The series consists of records created between 1909 and 1972 by the Northern Division or Northern Region of the Fish and Wildlife Branch and the "D" Division of its predecessor bodies, that relate to the registration and administration of traplines and the trapping industry. For most of the years covered in these records, this division/region consisted of all of British Columbia north of a line from Quesnel to Bella Coola, including these two places as well as Prince Rupert, Kitimat, Queen Charlotte Islands, the Stikine region, Cassiar, McDames Creek, Fort Nelson, Fort St. John and the Peace River region, the upper Fraser River valley of the McBride-Tete Jaune Cache area, the Nechako valley, the Skeena region, and the Prince George area.

The series include early files transferred from the B.C. Police, files regarding First Nations traplines, and individual trapline files, 1922-1969; records on registered guides, including guide report forms and nominal files, 1948-1972; crime investigation reports and conviction record books of violation of fish and game laws, 1930-1967; game management records including subject files on wildlife organization, management activities, and data on various species.

This series contains a large number of maps and sketches from 1909 to 1972, especially relating to the trapline and guide files. Many of these were removed from their files in 1982 and catalogued as two separate sub-series by the Map Division of the BC Archives. An index map of guiding territories was also removed.

See index map of guiding territories catalogued as CM/G6
See sub-series CM/E117 for trapline maps, 1909-1968
See sub-series CM/C2054 (previously CM/S2) for trapline sketches, 1922-1972.

The series consists of 27 audio recordings, on 33 audio cassette tapes. There are also 38 interview summaries, including 11 additional interviews for which tapes were not received. Interviews are with Fish and Wildlife Branch officials, trappers, hunters, fishermen, and other Okanagan residents regarding the fish and wildlife populations of the Okanagan Region.

The interviews were recorded by Donna Butler and Jill Pruden. The project was supervised by Jack N. Bone, Wildlife Technician for the B.C. Dept. of Recreation and Conservation, Fish and Wildlife Branch, Okanagan Region.

Item consists of one video of the CHEK-TV program, "The Good Morning Show," featuring the Fish and Wildlife Branch program Conservation and Outdoor Recreation Education (C.O.R.E.). The program discusses how urbanization and industrialization threatens the natural environment, and the need to educate people on the goal of saving the environment and its wildlife.

The item is a reel of film footage showing the game checking station at Cache Creek. Includes aerial footage of a moose.

CALL NUMBER: T0302:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. James F. (Jimmy) White recalls his arrival in Golden in 1889; his first impressions; a trip to Fort Steele, including a description of the police and the lifestyle; gold mining; Wildhorse Indians; Michael Phillips; Robert Galbraith; ships; Captain Armstrong; prospecting; gold mining; hydraulic mining; and the decline of Fort Steele. TRACK 2: Mr. White continues with more on hydraulic gold mining; the CPR in Cranbrook and Fort Steele; mines -- Sullivan, North Star, Stemwinder and Moyie; Father Coccola; doctors; possible murders in Fort Steele; the cemetery; horse racing and riding; practical jokes.

CALL NUMBER: T0302:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. White talks about interesting characters, including an incident involving the naming of Tata Creek; other incidents; the Yukon; mining; dancing girls; hunting wild mountain goats and sheep; Indians; Old Kaplo; working in the mountains; men whom Mr. White guided in the mountains; Von Hindenburg's trip. TRACK 2: More about Von Hindenburg's trip; incidents involving bears; the Rockies; and the Selkirks; ministers in Fort Steele; women; families; the red light district incident; the Lum family; English settlers; remittance men; Cranbrook; Golden; gambling; maintenance of law and order in Fort Steele.

CALL NUMBER: T0302:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. White describes some of the pioneers in the Kootenay such as the Lum family; Tom Cochrane and Lady Adelaide. Then he continues discussing Englishmen whom he guided; settlers; a murderer; named Bulldog Kelly; a grizzly bear incident; Buffalo Bill; more anecdotes involving a runaway girl; the police; More's suicide; Old Ben Pugh attempting to get into jail. TRACK 2: More about Ben Pugh; drinking; Mr. White's arrival in BC; packing with Pugh; reasons why he came to BC; an Indian uprising in Fort Steele in 1886; Michael Phillips; the Mounties; Colonel Steele and the Boer War; William Reginald Wyndham; various anecdotes; Mr. White's English and American clients.

CALL NUMBER: T0302:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-06 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. White tells a story about the buying and selling of hay; interesting characters such as Billy Hop; claim jumping; more interesting characters such as Jerry Sullivan; an anecdote about a priest drinking; other characters; and one last anecdote about tall stories. [TRACK 2: blank.]

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-07-28 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Tommy Wycotte discusses his early work as a labourer, cowboy and teamster. He also talks about Indian medicine, fighting between Indian bands, hunting and gathering in hard times, the origin of the name Williams Lake, and the Sugarcane Reserve.

TRACK 2: Wycotte continues by discussing animals and hunting, his knowledge of the pre-Christian religion, the fur trade, and negative aspects of Indian drinking habits.

CALL NUMBER: T0458:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], [1965?] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Leonard Hayman recalls life in the Okanagan, 1901 to 1945. He discusses how he came out to the Okanagan Valley in 1901; worked on a ranch near Vernon; worked on CPR steamboats; incident;s on the farm; crews on boats; Indians on the reservation south of Kelowna [Westbank?]; working his way up to captain on steamboats; early days in Kelowna; cows in the streets; drinking in Kelowna; Reverend Thomas Green; an anecdote about Tom Ellis and the church organ in Penticton; and a Pauline Johnson concert. TRACK 2: Mr. Hayman discusses steamboats coming into Penticton; people in Penticton; how Mr. Hayman came to run the ferry across Okanagan Lake; a story of a boat which was wrecked in a storm at night; a man lost on a canoe in the lake; the Okanagan Brigade Trail; running ferries under the government; roads on the west side of the lake; stories about "Wild Goose Bill"; Indians and ferry operations.

CALL NUMBER: T0458:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], [1965?] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: This track begins with an anecdote about Mr. Hayman stealing his own pig; stories about the police; Sam Lee of the Chinese Laundry at Okanagan Landing; a funny story about a minister at Field; pioneer supplies such as flour sacks; stories about Indians; a story about an Indian in court who wanted a receipt for his fine; and a story of a Chinese man who was shot by mistake. TRACK 2: Mr. Hayman offers more stories about a bear shot from a sternwheeler; swimming the lake to see loon eggs; a story of Joe Casorso and an Indian and a cougar skin; Reverend Solly and the burning down of the Naramata church; a new organ in the Penticton church; a story about Tom Ellis and the church organ; Price Ellison; lake ferry problems; how Mr. Hayman took the ferry over; church services; a story a;bout a funeral and poison ivy.

RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-05-14 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Jay M. Haines describes how his family and another came from Montana to Salmon Arm in 1901; looking for places to settle and everything being taken up to Silver Creek; settling land in t;he area; how the mosquitoes and flies kept them out of the Alberta area, so they ended up coming west to settle; his father,Joseph Miller Haines, and the other people who came north with them; what Si;lver Creek was like in 1901, including the landscape and jobs available, and wages for these jobs; what settlers did to survive; growing crops; what the soil is like there; the community; the first sc;hool; what roads were like when he arrived; the first settlers George Moore and George Armstrong; how Silver Creek got its name; how community life developed; the first ministers, including a man name;d Woods; other people in the area; dairy farms; and details about Yankee Flats. TRACK 2: Mr. Haines continues by discussing when his other brothers' families came to the area in 1902; when his broth;er Louie had to abandon his place to move to Salmon Arm to work when he was very badly hurt clearing land, and had to go to Enderby to see a doctor (he died a few days later); more disasters clearing ;land; more characters including Jim Evans; native Indians in the area; moose migrations and wolves; salmon runs; the value of different furs and pelts; the 1928 hunting season; and hunting stories inc;luding one about a cougar.;

RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-?] SUMMARY: Herbert Bilton discusses his arrival in the Finlay-Parsnip country; washing gold; trapping; freighting for the HBC; trading posts; fur trade; travelling by boat on the Crooked River and Pack River. Story about hunting caribou at 30 below; he froze his toes and had amputate them himself. More on fur trade and trading posts. [Note: This summary is based on a fragmentary and incomplete outline in the file.]

CALL NUMBER: T4129:0003 RECORDED: Mission (B.C.), 1984-03-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Percy Cliffe discusses his childhood background. Joined the B.C.P.P. in January 1932 and was posted in Nelson (Doukhobor arrests), Golden, Burnaby, and Chilliwack. Anecdote about Constable George Elliott. Transients in Golden. Reasons he transferred to the Game Commission. Description of Mission District. Office equipment. Wife becomes "office manager". Raised hounds. Main game was pheasants and ducks. Apprehending violators of baiting restriction. Road checks. Large fox population and control methods. TRACK 2: Coyotes. Valley had much cover for wildlife until taxes forced farmers to cultivate all the land. Stocking of pheasants. Methods of stocking fingerlings and planting fish eggs. Modes of travel about Mission District -- truck, boat, horse, and by foot. Logging resulted in large deer population. Route to Pemberton via boat and pack horse. Campaign to reduce the number of wild dogs near the Indian reserve. Frank Urquhart of Coquitlam District. Patrolling Skagit Valley with Art Butler. Illegal fur trapper confesses. CALL NUMBER: T4129:0004 RECORDED: Mission (B.C.), 1984-03-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Percy Cliffe gives a description of a search expedition to airplane crash in Cheam Mountain Range (August 1943). Story of search expedition to airplane crash in Yale area. (1940s). Description of 1948 flood and his assistance with game boat. Cougar problem worsens with deer population growth. Smart hound trees three cougars during one hunt. Qualities of a good hound. TRACK 2: Humorous story of cougar hunt with member of local police. Hounds killed during cougar hunt near Sechelt. He has friendly relations with farmers and loggers in his District. Post war road building opens up areas for hunting. New Settlers. Importance of game clubs. Achievements of Mission Rod and Gun Club. Game warden on 24 hour work schedule. Good rapport in Department. Comparisons of early years with present (1984). Some missed opportunities to clear fishing steam blockages. The game warden was "lord and master". CALL NUMBER: T4129:0005 RECORDED: Mission (B.C.), 1984-03-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Percy Cliffe comments about job changes following scientific research methods. Training and new ideas. He disagrees with some new policies. Some recollections of Jim Dewar (Predator Control hunter). Comments about Art Butler, warden of the Chilliwack District. Game wardens were on their own, no training. Slim Cameron. Tells about boat trip to McNab Creek where transplanted elk resided. Thoughts about difference between large interior districts and lower mainland districts. His hunting experience as a young boy. [TRACK 2: blank.]

The series consists of films and footage that depict Tommy and Marion Walker's guiding-outfitting operation at Cold Fish Lake, and the flora, fauna and scenery of the surrounding Spatsizi Plateau. This material documents the operating seasons of 1957 to 1968; events and activities at Cold Fish Lake Camp; the TW Ranch at Hyland Post; packtrains; hunting and fishing trips; the local wildlife; the Walker's annual journeys in and out of the region by horse, floatplane, and automobile; and their winter home at Qualicum Beach on Vancouver Island. Early films were made by Walker as publicity for his guide outfitting business and later films were made to show around the Province in his (eventually successful) attempts to have the Spatzizi designated a park.

CALL NUMBER: T4029:0003 RECORDED: Ladner (B.C.), 1982-12-21 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Warren Cameron comments and reflects on his experiences as an infantryman in France in WWI. Military training very inadequate. Conditions in trenches. Equipment. Food. Killing. TRACK 2: Game Commission staff were political appointments. Recollections of bootlegging and bootleggers in Fraser Valley. Use of ships to transport liquor. Tunnel at Boundary Bay for liquor smuggling. Comments about two notorious hijackers -- Sowash and Baker. Anecdotes and comments about prostitute Pansy May -- "I'm a good woman", befriended by Mr. Cameron. Recollections of Commissioner Bryan Williams -- a "game hog", when he was re-appointed as commissioner he was tempted to fire entire staff as political appointees. A "good old guy". Comments about A.P. Cummings, the first game warden of Chilliwack. Names different wildlife in Chilliwack Valley.;

CALL NUMBER: T4029:0004 RECORDED: Ladner (B.C.), 1982-12-21 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this tape.];

SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Two short interviews with people of the Cariboo. (1) Mrs. Elizabeth Wendel, who came to the Cariboo in 1910, describes how she learned to ride and hunt, and recalls her first hunting experience of shooting a grizzly bear with a .22 rifle [ca. 8 minutes]. (2) The next interview is with an unnamed steamboat captain (born ca. 1874). In 1900, he was piloting steamboats for the Canadian National line between Victoria and Vancouver, and landed a new job running riverboats on the Fraser River between Soda Creek and Quesnel. After some blasting to clear rocks along the route, the service was extended to Prince George in 1909. Later on, two steamboats built by Foley, Welch and Stewart operated between Tete Jaune Cache and Prince George, south to Soda Creek, and up the Nechako to the site of Vanderhoof. He discusses the three companies running boats on the Upper Fraser: the Fort George Trading and Lumber Company; Foley, Welch and Stewart; and the BX (Barnard's Express) company. His account includes descriptions of the boat schedules and the boats themselves, which operated on the Fraser until 1920. The boats burned wood for fuel and had a crew of about twenty. Some discussion of passengers and freight carried. Stories about the packer Jean Caux, known as "Cataline". [ca. 17 minutes] (3) The final piece is an editorial by Willis about cowboy heroes on radio and television and in movies, as compared to the reality of being a cowboy. [ca. 4 minutes] [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T1062:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Maxime George, a chief, speaking in the Carrier language, tells stories about the mythological figure Astace and other subjects, as well as singing some songs in his native language. [30 minutes] [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T1062:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1 & 2: Mr. Maxime George continues to tell old stories in Carrier, including stories about Astace. In English, he recalls his boyhood; the advent of deer and moose to the region, and their value; as food. He describes the native reaction to the first white men, and how they discerned that "whites" were human. Mr. George attempts to calculate his age; then he describes his employment deliver;ing supplies for survey crews of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Then he tells the story of Simon Fraser from the Native perspective. [60 minutes]

CALL NUMBER: T1062:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mrs. George speaks in Carrier for about ten minutes, then Maxime George continues, in Carrier, until the end of the tape. [30 minutes] [TRACK 2: blank.]

CALL NUMBER: T1062:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1 & 2: Maxime George and Mrs. George discuss a subject in the Carrier language, and then Maxime George speaks by himself for the remainder of the tape. [60 minutes]

CALL NUMBER: T1062:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1 & 2: This tape begins with a discussion between Imbert Orchard, Mrs. George and Mr. Maxime George about the latest [1960s] style of women's wear and hair. Then Mr. George tells a story in Carrier about Francis [Francois?] Lake, with his wife adding comments. Then, in English, Maxime talks about how his grandchildren do not understand their own language. He repeats the story of his job on a; pack train, supplying the surveyors of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. He discusses travel by canoe and scow; and his marriages. Orchard and George discuss the packer Cataline (Jean Caux) and the us;e of French by Hudson's Bay Company workers. Mr. George sings several songs in Chinook and explains their meaning. He relates a Carrier legend in English, then another in his native language. His wife; talks about the relationship between listener and story teller. [60 minutes]

CALL NUMBER: T2798:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Boyhood of a young trapper ; trapping around Hobson Lake and Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977-08-22 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Arrival of the DeWees family on foot from Washington when Dick was 10; the family camped for a while, then settled in an old cabin at Antoine Lake, northwest of Horsefly, where they lived for two years in the 1920s; life when Dick was a young boy; story of fishing on Horsefly Lake; trapping at Antoine Lake; schooling at Horsefly at the first and second schools there; how he earned $60.00 a month as a janitor while going to school; school at Black Creek. TRACK 2: Trapping as a young boy at Hobson Lake; his family winters on Quesnel Lake at Killdog Creek; story of trapper Bill Miner and trapping with Lloyd Walters. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Stories of old-timers and of the local dances, Horsefly, B.C. RECORDED: [location unknown], 1977 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Dick DeWees talks about the old Miocene Mine in 1918; mining at Jawbone Pool; mining near Joe Williams' house, east of the river, in 1923. Dick tells the story of cooking for a suppression crew when he was 13; trapping with Fred and B. Hooker and Lloyd Walters; stories about Tom Hooker and the Hooker family; blacksmith; sawmill; hunting lodge. TRACK 2: Stories of old timers in Horsefly; Spencer Hope Patenaude and the telegraph office; John Wawn, a central figure in the community; Justice of the Peace; school trustee; his shoe repair shop; Alec and Matilda Meiss of the Meiss Hotel; the Bull Moose Club as bachelor's headquarters; dances at the community hall. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0003 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Transportation and hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: The trip from the United States to Horsefly in 1918; early roads; Horsefly in 1918. TRACK 2: Trapping around Horsefly Lake and Quesnel Lake. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0004 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Big game hunting in the Cariboo RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: Big game hunting around Horsefly, B.C. CALL NUMBER: T2798:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: [No content summary available for this tape.] CALL NUMBER: T2798:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1978 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Prospecting and mining in the Horsefly area; both placer and hard-rock. TRACK 2: Mining around Horsefly; dances in the community hall.

The item consists of 20 camera original, unedited films created by Georgiana Ball between about 1957 and 1970. Original films 1-11 and 12-20 were combined onto 2 film reels by the BC Archives upon acquisition.

The film are "home movies", primarily of ranching activities in the Stikine and Liard regions, particularly showing the communities of Telegraph Creek and Trutch. Other locations include Fort St. John, Fort Nelson, Ocean Falls, Dawson Creek, Dease Lake, Stikine River, Mount Edziza and Banff, Alberta. Activities shown include Ball family Diamond B Ranch game guiding operations, ranching, haying, packing and various types of transportation including horseback, pack horses, river boats (incl. Judith Ann), cargo ships (incl. Northland Prince, Skeena Prince), bush planes (North Coast Airways) and helicopters.

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Paddy Acland remembers a few anecdotes about hunting and hiking in the BC interior. He explains how he came out to British Columbia from England after serving with the British Army duri;ng the Boer War. He describes expectations of life in BC and offers comments on the background of his father, John Acland. He arrived in BC in 1908; he describes the appearance of Summerland. He discusses his first jobs in the Okanagan; building his first log cabin; an anecdote about digging a basement for "Old Johnson"; buying and pre empting land in the Okanagan. TRACK 2: Paddy Acland describes the development of his own property near Eneas Lake between Peachland and Summerland. He discusses his first impressions of the Okanagan Valley, coming into it via train and boat. He describes ;the sternwheeler "Aberdeen"; labouring for a tobacco farmer in Kelowna; working for a dairy farmer, the meanest man Mr. Acland had ever met; comments on another employer, named "Fluffy" Williston. Mr. Acland offers further comments on British immigrants who came to the Okanagan during this era.

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Paddy Acland mentions his first jobs in the Okanagan, including lumber sorting and surveying. Mr. Acland returned to England for two months, and then returned to the Okanagan. He offers an; anecdote about a man being thrown into Lake Okanagan with all of his belongings, for making a pass at a local girl, and the "rough" justice of the era. More anecdotes about promiscuity between wives; of landed settlers and hired working men. Mr. Acland discusses his marriage to a girl from Summerland, and a digression on the different types of English immigrants, including the class that settled; in Vernon during the early decades of the century, which he found snobbish and pretentious. He describes the mixture of settlers in Kelowna during this era. TRACK 2: Mr. Acland offers comments about the Edgelow family of Kelowna, particularly Mrs. Edgelow, who delighted in shocking Kelowna residents prior to World War I. He comments on the background of the Acland family and offers anecdotes ;about his mother-in-law, Mrs. Hutton of Kelowna, an ardent Catholic convert who often entertained in her large home. He tells a story about an English orchardist who planted his trees upside down, an;d describes dances and social activities in the Okanagan Valley during this era. He describes the growth and development of Summerland during its early years and reflects upon the different currents ;of immigrants and settlers which have made up the fabric of Canadian society.

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0003 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Paddy Acland discusses some early Okanagan Valley residents. He admits that he joined the Baptist church choir to meet young and single women. He discusses relations with the Indians in the reserve near Summerland; the story of Sam McGee; comments on how the capital of early settlers was used and misused; a recollection of J.M. Robinson; comments on the Manitoba farmers induced to come; to the Okanagan Valley by Robinson; comments on how young men made a living in the Okanagan during this era; a story about the fortunes of three young working men; and comments on the Dominion Experimental Farm at Summerland. TRACK 2: Mr. Acland recalls several characters at Cobble Hill, Duncan, and offers a comparison between Vancouver Island and the Okanagan Valley during the early years of t;he century. He discusses personalities and experiences at Thetis Island; then he tells a story about two young men who shot a policeman in the Okanagan Valley, and were hunted by posses throughout the valley. More comments on English settlers; the story of the Belleview Hotel; anecdotes about the antics at the Belleview Hotel, and a physical description of the hotel.;

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0004 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Paddy Acland retraces early working experiences and life in the Okanagan Valley. He describes Okanagan Falls around the time of the First World War; the town of Kaleden; a story about Tom E;llis; stories about rattlesnakes; a story about competing in the long jump against an Indian at Penticton; comments about Penticton and Naramata; a description of Peachland; comments about settlements; on the west side of Okanagan Lake; J.C. Dun-Waters and the building of Fintry; dairy farming; comments about the simple funerals of several wealthy Okanagan residents; and an anecdote about the funeral of Matt Wilson. TRACK 2: Mr. Acland recalls his service with a military regiment in the Okanagan Valley; organizational and disciplinary problems with the Okanagan military regiment; military stories and training with different military regiments in BC and eastern Canada.;

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0005 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Paddy Acland discusses military training and service overseas with a Canadian battalion during the First World War. He offers further recollections of aspects of military training in British Columbia. TRACK 2: Mr. Acland tells a story of bear hunting behind his homestead with a local Indian. He describes his service as a government weed inspector along Lake Okanagan, and tells a story; about entry into the military. He comments about training in the Okanagan and he traces his military career.

CALL NUMBER: T1085:0006 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1964-11-12 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Paddy Acland discusses further aspects of his military experience overseas during World War I. TRACK 2: Mr. Acland offers recollections about flying aircraft and training pilots during World War I; returning to the Okanagan Valley after the war; a story about losing his land after the war, and serving as a manager at the Eldorado ranch. Finally, he discusses hard times.

RECORDED: [location unknown], [1966-09] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Martin Starret is walking with an unidentified Babine Indian, possibly named Jimmy Donald. They can be heard walking, and they have small talk about the seasons; the boats; how many people are in town. An Indigenous woman talks to Starret about the cool weather, and how a man had taken Starret to Old Fort in a sleigh in 1912. The interview may have taken place in a canoe, as the sound of oars on the water can be heard. More conversation between Starret and Indians as they joke with one another. Starret sings songs with the native people. An Indigenous person discusses beaver hunting and a specific hunt. [TRACK 2: blank.]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Chilcotin ranching in the 1930s RECORDED: [location unknown], 1967 SUMMARY: An oral history interview with Dude Lavington. He talks about starting a cattle ranch 60 miles west of Quesnel in 1931; cutting roads; hunting; and the origin of his name "Dude".

This series contains a report written in 1975, giving an overview of certain areas of the law relating to Indians in British Columbia, concentrating on Indian hunting, trapping and fishing, but also including material on a constitutional outline, the issue of Aboriginal Rights in British Columbia, Treaty Rights, Applicability of Provincial Laws on Reserves, miscellaneous notes and conclusions. The report includes a table of cases, a 1976 addendum, and references.

Footage. 15 reels of varying lengths containing miscellaneous footage and outs, as follows: rainbow over lake and mountains, then shot of a man in a field who picks and measures a huge mushroom [78]; man and women hunt grouse near T.U. Auto Court [116]; man and dog stalk game, cowboy herds cattle [215B, 216]; freight train exiting tunnel and shots of tunnel repair work (Kettle Valley Railway?) [52]; lessons in the classroom of a girls' school [50]; various views of a small town situated beside a lake, and nearby roads used by lumber truck and two-horse wagon [90]; automotive shop with men repairing fender (of Booth's car?), and a sawmill in operation [49]; children's life in a mining town, with sailing at nearby lake [236]; aspects of a cordwood supply company [205B]; moose hunting trip by horseback, grouse hunters return to cabin, horse-drawn wagon delivers boats to lakeside [246A]; a caravan of cars leave a garage and head onto a highway where they pass a horse and buggy [227]; children and soldiers play miniature golf in a back yard, and man and boy fish from a boat [162].

CALL NUMBER: T0946:0001 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-06-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Forrest "Jud" Johnston recalls coming from Kansas with his family to Earls Cove; his father, Charlie Roscoe Johnston, whose nickname was "Timberline" because he was 6'6"; how the family ;came to BC to mine around 1902; his father's involvement with shingle bolts; arriving at Pender Harbor; John West, the first white man to live in Jervis Inlet; what life was like there at that time; t;he Ray family; a description of Earls Cove, including people there; learning to row a boat; a description of Irvine's Landing and the trader Irvine himself; more on life at Earls Cove; a detailed account of traveling up Jervis Inlet; a description of Deserted Bay and Princess Louisa Inlet, including a winter there. TRACK 2: Mr. Johnston continues by describing Princess Louisa Inlet in detail; logging; native Indians, including their paddles and houses and totems; growing up; getting food; an incident with a bear; more on food; and how there was no sickness when he grew up.

CALL NUMBER: T0946:0002 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1965-06-19 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Mr. Johnston continues by discussing his father's birthday celebrations and an anecdote about hunting deer, in which his father was badly injured; and a recent helicopter ride. [TRACK 2: blank.]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Bruce Watt RECORDED: Williams Lake (B.C.), 1982-07-23 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Bruce Watt tells tale about deep mud. Convoy of trucks in the mud. How he made faster time on horseback than could the trucks in the mud. Recalls speed sign on impassable road. When stories were told. Story of grizzly-hunting. Tale of bad dust storm and high wind. Tale tellers: Lester Dorsey and his horse-trading stories. Tells a Dorsey story. Tells another horse-trading tale. When he last told the deep mud tale: two men told him of a remarkable slave stud, and he told them the mud tale in reply. The mud. Story of motorist on mud trail. Story of notoriously slow talkers. Story about inexperienced American hunters. Stories of American hunters. Tells about American killing grizzly. Life history: born in 1926 and came to area in 1948. Was in Big Creek for 25 years, ranching and raising a family. Born in Chilliwack. Does guiding. Guiding story: trying to get a bear out of a tree. Cattle driving in the 1940s and 1950s. Trucks took over later.;