CALL NUMBER: T1244:0001 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Kathleen Hughan remembers early Aiyansh on the Nass River PERIOD COVERED: 1880s-1917 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kathleen "Kay" Hughan (nee Priestley) was born at Port Simpson around 1900. Her father, Arthur F. Priestley was a homesteader, teacher and storeowner at Aiyansh; her mother, Melita M. McCullagh, was born at Aiyansh in 1885. Kay Hughan speaks about homesteading, the promise of a boom (1900's), and river travel along the Nass. Her maternal grandmother, Mary Webster, and grandfather, Rev. James B. McCullagh, came out to Old Aiyansh (1880's). She recalls Rev. McCullagh, his garden, his interests, mission work, the flood of 1917 and the move of the village of Aiyansh to Gitlakdamiks, and t;he mission house fire of 1910. She recalls her paternal grandparents -- Joshua Priestley, the family pre-emption, the house fire and the Priestley family move to Victoria. She talks about freight for ;her father's store, travel on the Nass, Mill Bay, Kincolith, hospitals, Dr. MacDonald, the Collison family, childhood memories of old Aiyansh, mail and visitors.TRACK 2: Kay Hughan recalls details of her father's store: the postal service, the social centre of Aiyansh, supplies for the settlers, stock, outfitting survey parties, the "Grease Trail", trails, wholesalers, floods, Indian-white rela;tions and the store credit system. She speaks about the land boom of 1910-1912, homesteaders, the impact of World War I, bogus land promotions -- Rattenbury Land Company (1909-1910), settlers, the flo;od of 1917, Grease Harbour, settlement patterns, the first school, Tseax, more about settlement patterns, Al Ferris, employment, taxation and roads.

CALL NUMBER: T1244:0002 SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Kathleen and Peter Hughan remember the Nass Valley - Aiyansh and Tseax regions PERIOD COVERED: 1917-1958 RECORDED: [location unknown], [196-] SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Kathleen Hughan remembers floods along the Nass River, the flood of 1917, moving the Old Aiyansh mission to Gitlakdamiks, mosquitoes, housing, settlement patterns and subsistence farming in the 1930's. Peter Hughan came from Scotland via England (1923) to the Prince George region. He discusses his reasons for emigration, experiences trapping, work at Prince Rupert (1924) and Terrace, his woodsman skills, locating land in the Nass Valley, his Tseax River property, the Vedder property, place names, settling and clearing land, purchasing the Charlie Gordon farm, river and trail travel and the telegraph trail to Stewart. TRACK 2: Peter Hughan speaks about pioneer life, his market garden, trapping, building a new house (1928), clearing, "wild rice" -- chocolate lily, changes in settle;ment, the Columbia Cellulose road opening up the area (1950's), development, logging, proposed hydro dams and the difficulty of land acquisition. He recalls pioneers including Al Ferris and the Joe Phillips family and soil and climate conditions.

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Lois Barber : back to the land in the Nass Valley, 1971-1972 PERIOD COVERED: 1971-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1972 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Lois Barber begins this interview speaking about coming to the Nass Valley near the Tseax River from the Eastern United States with friends and her future husband, Robin (1971). She describes; her first impressions of the area, experiences during the first few days, settling in, putting in the garden, renovating their cabin, clearing land, income, future plans and house improvements. TRAC;K 2: Lois Barber continues talking about living near the Tseax River overlooking Mount Vedder in a cabin originally built by Vedder. She describes the life of a modern pioneer woman, cooking, acquirin;g land, logging, other neighbours and food sources. [Note: The Tseax River was renamed "Ksi Sii Aks" per the Nisga'a Treaty, Appendix F-3, effective 11-May-2000.]

SUPPLIED TITLE OF TAPE(S): Robin Barber : back to the land in the Nass Valley, 1971-1972 PERIOD COVERED: 1971-1972 RECORDED: [location unknown], 1972 SUMMARY: TRACK 1: Robin Barber speaks about his reasons for coming to the Nass Valley (Tseax River) with several friends to live off the land in 1971. He discusses his first impressions of British Columbia, hi;s farm plans, his ideology, past mistakes, the journey to B.C., and impressions of the B.C. Interior. TRACK 2: Robin Barber speaks about his first morning in the Nass Valley, the first months, settling in, learning about living in the valley, Indians, his philosophy and the social implications of his current life.